Webchat

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 8:01AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good Morning Expedition Teams! We are honored to have one of the leading experts in Chumash Studies, Dr. John Johnson. Dr. Johnson is Curator of Anthropology at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. His email is: jjohnson@sbnature2.org. We have a lot of students taking part in this mornings chat so please try to pick your Expedition Teams 4 to 6 best questions to post. Chat starts at 9 a.m. - see you there. Links to some of Dr. Johnsons materials for Camp are at button Go there after todays chat.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 8:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello, this is John Johnson. Does anyone have some questions for me?

IMS Tigers-1: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
TO: Dr. Johnson, Anthropologist FROM: IMS Tigers-1 DATE: 10-5-99 RE: Chat Questions 1. Why did you decide to become an anthropologist? 2. How many different cultures have you studied? 3. How does environment affect culture? 4. How do you know about the culture of the Chumash? 5. What are some interesting things about the Chumash?

IMS Tigers-3: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
TO: Dr. Johnson, Anthropologist FROM: IMS Tigers-3 DATE: 10-5-99 RE: Chat Questions 1. Where did the Chumash originate? 2. What kind of religion did the Chumash have? 3. What did the Chumash use as paint for their rock art? 4. What kind of house did the Chumash live in? 5. What can you tell us about the language of the Chumash?

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:09AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome Indio Middle School. You've prepared your questions very well.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
To the IMS Tigers: Here is an answer to your first question: 1. I became an anthropologist because I had an opportunity to get involved in archaeology projects when I was in high school in Southern California. Archaeology is one of the fields of anthropology. Anthropology is the study of humankind and archaeology studies human cultures of the past. I was fascinated to learn about how people had lived in ancient times -- to discover their story was like finding the missing pieces to a big puzzle.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
John - we are going to also study the Shasta Indians from Northern California later this year, and found they are from the Hokan langage group as are the Chumash. Do you have an idea how many years the Shasta lived in the northern part of the state - anywhere as long as the chumash in the southern ? And did they know about one another ?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
To the IMS Tigers 1: Here is the answer to your second question: "How many different cultures have you studied?" I have studied a number of Indian cultures in central and southern California, especially the Chumash Indians and their neighbors (the Yokuts, Tataviam, Gabrielino, and Kitanemuk). Most recently I have been studying the Luiseno Indians who live in northern San Diego County. I got started in archaeology by working four summers in Arizona and New Mexico studying archaeological remains left behind by the Anasazi and Mogollon cultures.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
PS. that Shasta/Chumash question was from Marcy

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
if they didnet have "big trees" how would they make tomol

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHO ARE YOU?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome students - please include your name/school in the handle box so we know what school you are from - thanks ....

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHERE FROM I.M.S IN 7TH GRADE

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We'll try to add in some photos from our Camp Field Trip to the Natural History Museum.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how long have you been studying the southern channel islands we are from indio middle school.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am a 7 grader and i come from IND

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We our from Indio Middle School and we want to know if we could ask you some questions

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WE ARE FROM INDIO MIDDLE SCHOOL WE ARE TORI AND ANDREA

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am going to answer Marcy's question and also the first question from the IMS Tigers 3 ("Where did the Chumash originate?") at the same time. The peoples that we call the "Chumash" spoke several related languages in their own language family called "Chumashan." Linguists used to believe that the Chumashan language family was related to a larger grouping of language families called "Hokan," to which the Shasta also belonged. However, with further comparisons of the different "Hokan" languages, most linguists now believe that the Chumashan family is an isolate group, unrelated to other Hokan languages. The Hokan linguistic stock is one of the oldest families of Indian languages in California, so the ancestors of the Shasta settled in Northern California, several thousand years ago. The ancestors of the Chumash, who are called proto-Chumash were similarly established in the San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura regions at least 5,000 years ago and perhaps earlier.

Paradise HomeSchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
TO: Dr. Johnson - Did the Chumash have sports like football or soccer?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
we have been studing this for about a week

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
is this tori and andiren

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WE ARE FROM I.M.S. 7TH GRADE CLASS WHO ARE YOU?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Wow, the messages are coming faster than I can answer them, but I will do my best. The question was asked how the Chumash made their plank canoes (tomols) when they didn't have big trees. They would fashion boards from pine timbers and redwood logs that washed ashore as driftwood.

Paradise HomeSchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We've been studying Australian Aboriginies. Did the Chumash or Gabriolino have anything like "Dream Time" such as the Australians had?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am A 7 grader and i am from INDIO MIDDLE SCHOOL MYname is christian

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
TALK

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am A 7 grader and i am from INDIO MIDDLE SCHOOL MYname is christian

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We'll see if we can post some photos to give John some time to answer. This is of some rattles on exhibit at the SB Museum of Natural History.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
summer and sasha want to now if this is dr. jhoson

Truman School Third Grade Dream Team 2000: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Great Morning! Did the Chumash Indians use arrowheads? What was it they ate? Did they sleep in the wilderness? What kind material did they use for their houses?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
dr. GOHNSON CAN YOU READ?

Regina Allshouse: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I believe that the mammoths swam or they were brought over to the island.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
m

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
STOP WRIGHT ING THAT ALBERT AND LEO

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
dr. jhson do have a kid

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome Indio Middle School - please send Dr. Johnson your class questions .. we also have online the questions from the other two classes at your school that he is working on answering.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The IMS Tigers 1 asked: How does environment affect culture? When the climate changes, it affects the animals and plants which people use for food. For example, when El Nino comes, the waters get warmer in the Santa Barbara Channel and the fishes move offshore. For Chumash fishermen, this would be a time of hardship, because the kinds of fish that were most important are no longer common. Archaeologists believe that problems like this caused the Chumash culture to change -- they invented the use of beads as money so they could trade with other villages in periods of drought or when El Nino came, to take advantage of foods that were available elsewhere when they lacked foods in their local environment.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DR JOHNSON WHEN DID YOU FIRST STUDY THIS

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
YOU BETTER STOP TALKING TO US

hi dude: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi what

Ana Rosa,Enedina,Kathy-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi,from Oro Grande.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
did you liked studying the channel islands

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DR. GOHNSON CAN YOU READ US

hi dude: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
we can talk if we want to

Regina Allshouse: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you have any kind of fish bones.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am aseven grader and i go to indio middle school

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
SHUT UP ALBER AND LEO

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am aseven grader and i go to indio middle school

alica/stephinie oro grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome Truman School - and hello to your teacher Mr. Reger - please post your questions for dr. Johnson.

hi dude: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
so I am a in the forth grade

Regina Allshouse: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
About how many mammoth bones do you have?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
ELYSSA,INDIO

hi dude: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
so I am a in the forth grade

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here are some brief answers to these questions: Did the Chumash Indians use arrowheads? What was it they ate? Did they sleep in the wilderness? What kind material did they use for their houses? Yes, the Chumash Indians hunted with the bow and arrow. They made arrowheads from a stone called chert that is found on both the mainland and on the islands. The coastal Indians ate fish and shellfish. The inland Chumash hunted game, like deer and rabbits. All Chumash groups gathered wild seeds and acorns. Hunting parties would sleep in the wilderness when they were traveling. The houses were made like a dome. The Chumash housebuilders would make a frame of willow or sycamore, bent and tied at the top. Then they would lash cross pieces between poles. Then they tied tule (bullrush) to the cross pieces in an overlapping manner to shed water. They had a door in the side of the house and a smoke hole at the top.

Regina Allshouse: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you have any kind of fish bones?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHZ UP? ELYSSA INDIO.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
where do you live?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There are so many questions, I can't answer all of them. I will pick only one or two at a time. I am sorry I won't have time to answer every single one.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
our school is better then yours!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Ana Rosa,Enedina,Kathy-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr.Johnson what kind of artifacts have you seen of the Chumash Indians.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Name the southern channel islands? From Jose I.M.S.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI IM DANIEL FROM INDIO

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what do you like to do in your spare time

tiffany,trinica from Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the latest fossil you have found and brought into the musume?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
STUDENTS - this is not an open chat room for casual conversations - the ONLY postings need to be directed at the Chumash anthropology topic of the day. It is your responsibility to respect that and focus yourselves on this great learning opportunity. Its a lot of fun !

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI IM CHRIS INDIO

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked if I had children, and another person asked where I live. I live on San Marcos Pass in the moutains behind Santa Barbara and I drive to work at museum most every day. I have two children -- a daughter who is in fifth grade and a son who is in eighth grade in Jr. High School.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Whats up.

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:45AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson was the study of the Chumash Indians very interesting to you and your workers?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:45AM PST (-0800 GMT)
NAME THE SOUTHERN CHANNEL ISLANDS

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What up.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHZ UP ? Elyssa IMS Indio seventh grade

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi I'm Juan from Indio

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Oro Grande - glad to have you online from the High Desert. Dr. Johnson is a specialist in the Chumash who lived on the Channel Islands and mainland areas - please post him any questions about those peoples and their way of life. He is knowledgeable about the 13,000 year old bones of Arlington Springs Man - who was actually a woman - one of the oldest finds in North America.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
have you ever been to one of the channel islands before? erickindio

alisha/stephinie oro grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi, I'm in sixth grade. Have you found any type of fossilized pottery or jewlery.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
People have asked about whether we have fossil bones at the museum and whether we have fish bones. We have the world's largest collection of pygmy mammoth bones that were collected on the Channel Islands. The Channel Islands were the only place in the world where a species of pygmy mammoth existed. I study fish bones from the archaeological sites where the Chumash lived. They caught a large number of fishes in ocean waters. Their favorite fish was the sardine which they caught by the thousands in large nets. They fished from their plank canoes called tomols. Each canoe was used to catch enough fish to feed forty people.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Eliazar don't like Eliza

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Whats up,my name is Priscilla

Regina Allshouse: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kinds of shells do you have that the Chumash used for neclaces.

tiffany,trinica from Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the largest fossil you have found and brought into the musume?

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson, did you have to learn Chumash to have a conversation with them?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson - is the Arlington Springs re-dating now showing the bones as the oldest - or nearly oldest - in the United States ? Or in North America ? What is the plausible explanation for their age and being on an island vs the mainland ?

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here is a photo of some excellent Basket work taken on our Field Trip to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Eliazar is from IndioMiddle School

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
NAME ALL THE CHANEL ISLANDS.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
MARITZA OF INDIO

Diana ,Alex ,Lizeth : . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr.Johnson, have you ever met a Chumash Indian?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Elyssa Indio Middle I THINK THE CHUMASH INDIANS ARE COOL to learn about!

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHAT IS YOURE NAME

Ana Rosa,Enedina,Kathy-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson have you ever lived with the Chumash Indians on the Channel Islands.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked what the southern Channel Islands are called. There are four southern Channel Islands: Santa Catalina, San Clemente, San Nicolas, and Santa Barbara islands. The Indians who lived on the southern Channel Islands spoke a different language (Island Gabrielino) -- they were not Chumash Indians. The Chumash Indians traded with the peoples of the southern Channel Islands. The Chumash called Santa Catalina "Huya," which means 'soapstone' because the Chumash traded with the Catalina Islanders to get cooking pots made from soapstone. San Clemente was called "Kinki", San Nicolas Island was called "Khalashat", and Santa Barbara Island was called "Siwo't" by the Chumash.

Jose and Erick Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
My name is Jose Beltran from INDIO MIDDLE SCHOOL!!!

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you have any animal bones or some thing you can show us that is interesting?

Regina ,Sarah,Priscilla . : . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you know any Chumash indians.

Twyla 6th, Michael 6th Alfred 5th Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson, were you actually the first person who dug them up or were you just the one to excuvated it?

DANIEL INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI DR. JOHNSON I AM DANIEL FROM INDIO MIDDLE SCHOOL IN 7th GRADE CAN YOU NAME ALL THE SOUTHER CHANNEL ISLANDS???

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI DR. JHONSON WHAT ARE YOU DOING

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
YO WORD UP THIS IS ANNA HERE KICKING IT AT IMS. JUST CHILING.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
darn I have to go!!!!!!!!!!!

DANIEL INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
BYE

IMS Tigers 2 - Mrs. Perez: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good morning Dr. Johnson. I'm Mrs. Perez, 6th garde L.A. & Literature teacher. My students are the IMS Tigers 1, 2 & 3. Tigers 1 & 3 posted their questions in advance because they could not be online now. IMS Tigers 2 will post their questions in a few minutes. Students, please remember you are chatting with Dr. Johnson today. Only post appropriate questions or comments to him, not eachother.

tiffany,trinica,jared from Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind of utenils do you use to excavate the fossils?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
In 1959, an archaeologist at our museum (Phil Orr) found four ancient human bones buried 30 feet deep in Arlington Canyon on Santa Rosa Island. These remains are now called "Arlington Springs Woman." Using modern techniques of radiocarbon dating, we recently determined that Arlington Springs Woman lived about 13,000 years ago. This represents the oldest dated human bones that have been found in the Americas up until now. When she lived, it was still the "Ice Age," and the climate was a lot cooler than it is today.

Ms. Glenn from Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Johnson thank you very much for answering our questions. We will check back later but, we have to go to a fire assembly here at 10:00. Thank you very much,

alisha/stephinie oro grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found any trace of tryannosuarus bones?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How did you get to be so great? JOHNNY MURILLO

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 9:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs. Perez and the IMS students: You will have to filter through my answers to various questions. I have answered many of them, but not in order.

TIMBER WOLF INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI

DANIEL INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:01AM PST (-0800 GMT)
PATRICK INDIO:HI

TIMBER WOLF INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:01AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HI

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked me if I know any Chumash Indians. I have many friends who are Chumash. In fact, a group of many of my Chumash friends got together two years ago and "adopted" me as a "Chumash." I am not really of Chumash ancestry though. Today there are several thousand people who are of some degree of Chumash ancestry. There are a number of people alive today who had a parent or grandparent who spoke one of the Chumash languages, but the last speaker that we know of died in 1965.

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
A photo of the Mammoth exhibit at SBMNH

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Regina Allhouse asked: "What kinds of shells do you have that the Chumash used for necklaces?" The Chumash on the Channel Islands collected shells of the Purple Olive (Olivella biblicata) and made a variety of different kinds of beads out of these shells. These were used as money, just like you and I use coins as money.

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here's a photo of a National Parks Ranger working on the Pygmy Mammoth Bones found out on one of the Channel Islands. Expedition Team - can you remind me which Island that was.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked what is the largest fossil I have found and someone else asked whether I have found Tyrannosaurus rex bones. The study of ancient life through fossils is called Palenotology. I am not a paleontologist, I am an archaeologist and anthropologist. Anthropology is the study of humankind and archaeology is the study of peoples and cultures who lived in the past. I am very interested in paleontology, however, and sometimes I work with a paleontologist named Dr. Larry Agenbroad. I have been with him on a number of trips to Santa Rosa Island where we have found and collected pygmy mammoth fossils. Tyrannosaurus rex did not live in California, because at the time that tyrannosaurus lived (65 million years ago), most of California was under the sea.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The Park Ranger in the photograph is Bill Faulkner, who works for Channel Islands National Park. The pygmy mammoth skeleton shown was found on Santa Rosa Island in 1984. It was radiocarbon-dated, and the results showed that it died about 14,500 calendar years ago. The bones of this mammoth are on exhibit at our museum. It represents the only complete skeleton of a pygmy mammoth ever discovered. It died and was buried in a sand dune. We call this mammoth "Rosie" because she was found on Santa Rosa Island.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson - we noticed in our studies that in 1812 there were several catalysmic events out on the Channel Islands - one was an earthquake on Santa Rosa, another was possibly an El Nino event that eliminated the near-shore fish population. These events lead to the Islands Chumash chosing to come to the mainland. Some went into the mission system - others joined a community somewhere near More Mesa. Do we know anything about this seashore community that existed outside the mission system ?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Can you tell us about the physial characteristics of the Chumash?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Can you tell where a person came from just by looking at them?

Joseph&Sal Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the names of the southern channel islands

LaurA INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW MANY YEARS AGO DID NATIVE-AMERICANS LIVE ON THE CHANNLE ISLAND?

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW MANY YEARS AGO DID NATIVE AMERICANS LIVE ON THE CHANNEL island.

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello my name is Carolina and I want to ask you a question. What kind of food did the Chumash eat?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHO ARE THE OWNERS OF THE TWO PRIVETLY OWNED ISLANDS?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the most interesting thing you have discoverd?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The IMS Tigers-3 asked "What kind of religion did the Chumash have?" The Chumash Indians prayed to the Sun and to the Mother Earth (called Shup). They had shrines erected near their towns and villages where they would leave offerings at the time of special ceremonies. The shrines consisted of a painted pole decorated with feathered banners. The most important ceremony was conducted at the time of the winter solstice (about Christmas time). It was called "Kakunupmawa," the rebirth of the sun, because after that day the days would begin to get longer. Some of the Chumash rock paintings appear to depict the sun and are believed to have been made at the time of the Winter Solstice. The ceremony in honor of Mother Earth (Shup) and all that she provided was held in the fall. It was called the Hutash Ceremony.

Joseph&Sal Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the names of the southern channel islands

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello our names are Angel and Elysia we would like to know how many Chumash are living today?

JASMINE,YVONNE: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW MANY YEARS AGO DID NATIVE AMERICANS LIVE ON THE CHANNEL ISLANDS?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some of you are asking questions that I already answered, for example, what are the names of the southern Channel Islands and what kinds of food did the Chumash eat. You should scroll back to read my answers to these questions.

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What did the wemon of the chumash indians wear

Joseph&Sal Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the two main Channel Islands ?

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some more Bones from SBMNH

LaurA INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHO OWNS SANTA CRUZ?

JASMINE,YVONNE: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHY ARE SANTA ROSA AND SANTA CRUZ PRIVATELY OWNED?

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some tools from the Chumash Exhibit at the SB Museum of Natural History

LaurA INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHAT ISLAND HAD THE FIRST PEOPLE

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
IMS Tigers-2: "What is the most interesting thing you have discoverd?" There are many interesting things that I have discovered during the thirty years I have studied archaeology. Here are some examples: (1) I once found two Chumash baskets in a cave in the mountains. I did not remove them until after I obtained permission from the Forest Service. These baskets are now at our museum. (2) On one of the field trips that I led, we found a wooden Chumash harpoon foreshaft, remarkably preserved in an archaeological site on Santa Cruz Island. (3) Our discovery Arlington Springs Woman was the oldest-dated human yet found in the Americas was unexpected and therefore quite exiting.

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi my name is Payal and I am from core-2 from 6th grade at Indio Middle School.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the two main Channel Island that have sea lions?

Joseph&Sal From Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the two main Channel Island that have sea lions?

LaurA INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
NAME THE SOUTHERN CHANNEL ISLANDS.

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rattles on display at the SB Museum of Natural History.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am getting lots of questions about the Channel Islands. First: who owns them? Santa Cruz Island is owned partly by the Channel Islands National Park and partly by The Nature Conservancy. Santa Rosa Island, San Miguel Island, Santa Barbara Island, and the Anacapa Islands are owned by Channel Islands National Park. San Clemente Island is owned by the Navy and San Nicolas Island is owned by the Pt. Mugu Naval Air Station. Santa Catalina Island is the only island with a town (Avalon), but most of that island is owned by the Catalina Conservancy. Santa Catalina, Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island were all given as land grants in the 1840s when California was part of Mexico. That is why they used to be or still are partly privately owned.

Ashley Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
who owns santa rosa

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
You kids keep asking me to name the southern Channel Islands. I did so already. Please scroll back up through the questions and answers to find my answer to that question.

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Who owens the privite island

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson - what do archeology students study in college in preparation for professional work ?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you know what one the chumash indians name

Ashley Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do all of the channel islands have seals and sea lions ?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many yeasrs ago did native -americans live on the channel islands

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Remember to use the Scroll Back box to go back through earlier messages. You can put in a number like 50 and go back 50 messages and be sure you see an answer or questions you may be thinking of.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here are some answers for the IMS Tigers-2: "Can you tell us about the physial characteristics of the Chumash?" The Chumash Indians were dark-skinned with straight black hair like all American Indians. They are described as being of fine build by the Spanish explorers and the women were described as being well-groomed. "Can you tell where a person came from just by looking at them?" To a certain extent, this is true. We can tell where a person's ancestors come from by their physical characteristics, e.g., whether their ancestors came from Europe, Africa, Polynesia, Asia, or the Americas.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is it fun in the islands?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Were there any tribes besides chumash and Gabrielinos?

INEZ SERRATOS: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW OWNS THE PRIVET ISLAND?

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
is the y2k

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:45AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here is a photo of some Camp Internet students working on a backyard Dig. This is something you can setup in your school yard.

INEZ SERRATOS: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW OLD ARE THE ISLAND?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Several students asked, "How many years ago did Native Americans live on the Channel Islands?" The oldest remains are those form Arlington Woman. She lived on Santa Rosa Island about 13,000 years ago. There is evidence that Native Americans were on the islands ever since until the Spanish colonial period that begin in 1769. Gradually the Chumash Indians on the Channel Islands migrated to the missions on the mainland. There was a bad spell in 1816 when famine conditions were present on the Channel Islands because of a very bad El Nino year. The fishes that they depended upon for food became scarce. Most remaining people in the island villages came over to the missions in that year. The last Chumash islanders were baptized at Santa Barbara Mission in 1822.

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind food did the chumash eat?

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how many years have the sea lion been there

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
can you show us a picture of the cumash indians

Ashley Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Did all of the cumash indians trade with each other and live on the same island ?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what is the smallest island?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Students have asked me several times who owns the private island. I thought I already answered this question earlier but I will answer again. Today only two islands are partly privately owned: Santa Catalina Island (the largest of the southern Channel Islands) and Santa Cruz Island (the largest of the northern Channel Islands), however, in both cases the privately owned portions are in the hands of private, non-profit organizations. The Nature Conservancy owns more than half of Santa Cruz Island and manages it to preserve its natural resources. The Catalina Conservancy owns and manages most of Santa Catalina Island for similar purposes.

INEZ SERRATOS: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW OLD ARE THE ISLAND?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the most famos amnimal in the island

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
katia melissa, Where the animals in danger when the Native- americans lived on the islands?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
So many questions and not enough time to answer them! Students who want to know what the Chumash ate should scroll back to my earlier answers, because I already answered that question.

AJ indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
name the southern channal islands

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do the island have volcanos

INEZ SERRATOS: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW IS WERE YOU LIVED ?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
are the islands cool

Ashley Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Did alll of the chi\umash and the gabelinos get along with each other

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Example of Beads work and Baskets on exhibit at the SBMNH. Another of our Field Trip photos.

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There are many kinds of animals on the islands that were there when the Chumash were there. The largest land mammal was the island fox, which the Chumash sometimes domesticated as a pet. The foxes were introduced by Chumash Indians to the southern Channel Islands by trade. They are sometimes found buried as pets in cemeteries. The harbor seals, sea lions, elephant seals, fur seals, and sea otters were found all around the Channel Islands and were hunted for food. Mostly the rookeries for the pinnipeds (seals and sea lions) were offshore rocks, so that they wouldn't be bothered by the Chumash hunters.

Paradise HomeSchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dr. Johnson - were the Chumash a peaceful people or did they have war with other tribes?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked if the islands have volcanoes. No, there are no volcanoes on our Channel Islands. But millions of years ago the Channel Islands were once partly created by volcanic activity. This was 50 or 60 million years ago, when the islands were located down where San Diego County is today. They have gradually shifted and rotated up off our coast through millions of years.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We are nearing the close of the chat with our Trail Guide Dr. Johnson and want to thank him for taking the time to interact with our students. This is an annual event and one we all look forwards to. We also thank the students had presented concise questions and encourage you all to type a large number - even 150 or 200 into the scroll back box, click on caht, and then read through the many wonderful answers and insights Dr. Johnson provided. We will post this on the web soon for everyone to read. Go ahead and post a final question for today - and - we'll see you online soon for more live interactive learning acitivites !

LIZ INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 10:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DO YOU KNOW WHO OWNS SANTA ROSA?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:01AM PST (-0800 GMT)
have aney bodey killed aney animals

chris Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many years ago did native americans live on the channl lslands

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Someone asked "Were the Chumash a peaceful people or did they have war with other tribes?" Someone else asked if the Gabrielino and Chumash were friendly to each other. There were lots of battles between villages and towns that were unfriendly with each other. Sometimes different Chumash towns would be at war with other Chumash towns. Each town was its own "tribe." The Gabrielino Indians of Catalina Island would trade with Chumash Indians and their relationship was mostly friendly. The Gabrielino Indians gave the Chumash Indians soapstone cooking pots in exchange for shell bead money and other trade goods. One of the chiefs of the Chumash town of Malibu was orginally from Catalina Island, which shows that they had friendly relations and that the trade between Catalina and the mainland was very important.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind of plants are there on the Island?

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what is the smallest island?

LIZ INDIO: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW MANY PEOPLE LIVE ON SANTA ROSA?

John Johnson, Curator of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dear kids: I really enjoyed talking to you all this morning. I am sorry I didn't have time to answer everyone's questions. There were just too many for me to answer everyone. Best wishes for success in school!

chris Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
who owns the santa rosa

yola Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:09AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DO WHO OWNS THE CATALINA

Aaron indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how channle is land are personaly owned.

CHRIS Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
IS THERE ANY ROCK ART IN CATALINA

YOLA Indio: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DO YOU DO ART?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Students - thanks for your questions. We will post the answers with the questions soon for you to review and to help you answer the questions in your Camp Passports. We have a lot of material about the Chumash online for you to study, so please jump right into those resources and learn all you can ! Good bye for today. Come back next week for a live chat with Archeologist Mark Raab from CSU Northridge.

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 11:14AM PST (-0800 GMT)
ANN,EVA....waht kind of plants is there?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 5, 1:46PM PST (-0800 GMT)
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