Webchat

Mrs. Perez, Outpost Leader - IMS Tigers: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 12:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
IMS Tigers are ready to chat with you about volcanoes.

JAMES Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:01PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many min was the biggist EarthQuake

Mrs. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:03PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Oro Grande is here. We have a few questions for the geologist at Hawaii's Volcanos National Forest.

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth, and Cameron from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:05PM PST (-0800 GMT)
About how many volconoes are in the Natoinal Park?

Timothy - Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:06PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good Morning Camp Internet Expedition Teams. We are online from the Hawaii Volcano National Parks headquarters. You will be chating with Jay Robinson, Park Ranger with the Park and Christina Heliker, Geologist with the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. We're ready to go.

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What time did the first volcano start in Hawii?

monroe shcool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how hot is the lava from the voicano

: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How often do earthquakes start?

Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How are volcanos formed?

Yohana 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:08PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do Volcanos have a certain time to erupt?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:09PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good Morning Campers - it is very exciting to have a chance to learn about active volcanoes - the same type that shaped much of the Channel Islands and parts of the California Backcountry that we are studying .. please focus on geology questions .. and have fun !

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:10PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Stock's class at James Monroe Elem. is on line and ready to chat.

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:10PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How hot is the lava?

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth, and Cameron from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs.Heliker,Do you know who the first Geologist was?If so what did he/she first discover?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is there any volconos off the coast of Hawaii?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do earthquacks start?

Ana Rosa,Kathy,Enedina-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs. Heliker what is a volcanos temperture?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do earthquacks start?

TwylaOro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:11PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina Heliker how long does it take until you know that a Volcano is done erupting?

Anna,Diana,and Ashlee: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello from Maple.

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How does a volcano erupt?

monroe shcool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
what makes a volcano erupt

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi, this is Christina Heliker, a geologist for the U.S. Geological Survey at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, which is inside Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. My office is at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, which is one of the world's most active volcanoes.

JAMES MONROE: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW DO VOLCANOES GET LAVA

Ana Rosa,Kathy,Enedina-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs. Heliker, how are volcanos formed under the ocean?

Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Robinson, can two volcanos erupt at the same time?

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha students! Today, at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park it is a beautiful day and Kilauea Volcano is erupting. Lava is flowing in a remote area of the park, and a few strong visitors are hiking out 4 miles to actually stand near the streams of lava to feel the heat, smell the fumes, and watch molten lava flowing slowly from a few feet away! I am Jay Robinson, a Park Ranger here at the Park. I will be happy to answer any questions about the National Park pertaining to our volcanoes, rainforests, deserts, and Hawaiian culture assicociated with the volcano godest Pele. Aloha!

Jared and Sarah 5th and 6th from Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker what tempature is a volcano?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What are the names of the active volcanos on Hawaii?

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Tleliker, Can you sent us a picture of a volcano ?

IMS Tigers-1: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
1. How are volcanoes formed? 2. What is the most exciting volcano? 3. What is the biggest volcano in the world? 4. Were would there most likely be a volcano? 5. How do you study the lava, granite, and obsidian? 6. How do you study active volcanoes with out getting hurt?

: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How hot was the lava from valcanoes?

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth, and from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker,about how far does the lava travel?

Yohana 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:16PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina Heliker why were volcanos made?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:16PM PST (-0800 GMT)
what was your highest earthquack

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:16PM PST (-0800 GMT)
why do we have volcanoes?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:16PM PST (-0800 GMT)
The lava here at Kilauea is about 1160 degrees Centigrade--that's about 2100 degrees Fahrenheit.

Ana Rosa,Kathy,Enedina-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs.HelikerWhat kind of tools do Geologist use?

Mrs. Bloomquist: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs. Bloomquist's class is ready to learn.

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
This is the Brown Pelicans. We are ready to chat.

Anna,Diana,and Ashlee: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:18PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Jay Robinson, Is it dangerous to study volcanos?

Johnny: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:18PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Can you stop lava from destroy houses.

Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:18PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Robinson are you near the Kilauea volcano right know?

Ana Rosa,Kathy,Enedina-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mrs. Heliker, why do volcanos happen?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the first volcono that you saw?

Trinica, Priacilla,Kimberly From Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
At what temperature dose a volcano erup?

Chelsea: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
can a volcanoes start a earthquiqe?

Jasmine: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the largest volcano?

otters Madison room 704 : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:19PM PST (-0800 GMT)
We are 4th graders in room 704 our teacher is Mrs.Gallatin.

Pygmy Mammoths : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:20PM PST (-0800 GMT)
We are from Madison School we are the Pygmy Mammoths.

Dolphin group madison: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:20PM PST (-0800 GMT)
This is dolphin group ready to chat.

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:20PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How hot is the lava?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:21PM PST (-0800 GMT)
what was the highest volcaneal?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:21PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Alot of your questions are about how volcanoes form. Here in Hawaii, the volcanoes form because there is a Hot Spot deep in the earth below us. Magma rises from the hot spot and starts erupting on the ocean floor. After hundreds of thousands of years, the volcanoes get big enough to rise above sealevel and make new land. That is how all of the Hawaiian Islands have formed. If it weren't for volcanoes, there would be no islands!

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:21PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How big is the biggest volcano you know of or have studied? Please tell me the width and the hight.

Starfish: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:21PM PST (-0800 GMT)
We are form madison school.We are 4 garde.

Anna,Diana,and Ashlee from Maple: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:21PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Jay, how close are you to the hot lava, right now ?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:22PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the biggest earthqauke that happend in Hawaii?

Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:22PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Robinson, can you feel the heat of the volcano?

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:22PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker,what is the smallest volcano in height and diameter?

JAMES MONROE: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHAT IS THE BIGEST VOLCNOC IN THE WORLD

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker, Is there a certent kind of plant on volcanoes?

Ana Rosa,Kathy,Enedina-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:24PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker witch volcano is the smallest on earth?

Jared and Sarah 5th and 6th from Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:25PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Robinson how many earthquakes have been very dangerous in Hawaii?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:25PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how did they make volcanoels?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:25PM PST (-0800 GMT)
One of you asked if a volcano can cause an earthquake. Yes! Here in Hawaii we have lots of earthquakes, just like you do in California. But your earthquakes are caused by faults in the earth, while our earthquakes are related to magma moving underground. Before a volcano erupts, the magma breaks the rock as it rises to the surface, causing hundreds of small earthquakes. Earthquakes are very useful to us, because they give us warning that an eruption is about to begin.

Trinica, Priacilla,Kimberly From Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:25PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How thick can the lava get?

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:26PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker, How high can a volcanoe though lava?

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:26PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do volcanos erupt?

Dolphin group madison: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:26PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How often do volcanos erupt?

monroe shchool: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:27PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do equearths happen?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:27PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you know which continent has the most volcanos?

Mrs. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:27PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina, Mrs. Glenns class has been to one of the Channel Islands so we know the geology of how volcanos eropt.

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How much pressure does it take for a volcano to erupt?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
The largest earthquake in the last 200 years in Hawaii was in 1868 and was about magnitude 8. The biggest quake since then was in 1975, with a magnitude of 7.2. Both of these earthquakes triggered tsunami, or giant sea waves, which killed many people.

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how many eathquakes have their been

Tito: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Where does the lava come from?

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What type of rock, out of the three types of rocks were formed by a volcano?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:29PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the biggest rock formation?

Chelsea: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:29PM PST (-0800 GMT)
could water stop the flow of lava?

Pygmy Mammoths : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:29PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How hot does the volcano have to erupt?

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:29PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Oro Grande Ele, We have two volcanoes in the National Park. Mauna Loa Volcano rises to 13,677 feet above sea level. However the volcano has built up from the bottom of the ocean at a depth of 18,000 feet below sea level. So actually, Mauna Loa rises almost 32,000 from it's base to it's summit...only most of it under water and we can not see it. In addition, Mauna Loa has 10,000 cubic miles of rock in it, making it the LARGEST mountain on earth! Mauna Loa (this one mountain) alone is larger than the entire Sierra Nevada Mountain Range! The other volcano here in the National Park is Kilauea Volcano. It's base also begins on the bottom of the ocean, but it's summit (top) only rises to 4,000 above to sea level. Kilauea is the worlds most active volcano! It has been erupting almost continuously for the last 16 years! Since the current eruption began on January 3, 1983...Kilauea has covered 182 houses, a church, a store, and the National Park Visitor Center. As lava has been flowing into the ocean, it has added over 500 acres of new land to the island!

: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
HOW DO VOLCANOES BECOME ACRTIVE?

JAMES Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
how long did the biggest earthquack last

otters Madison room 704 : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do you know when a volcano is going to erupt?

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How are the rocks dated?

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
what stuff comes comes out of a volcano

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
One of you asked how often volcanoes erupt. It all depends on the volcano. Many volcanoes in the US, like Mt. St. Helens, only erupt every few hundred years. That makes them more dangerous, because people forget that these volcanoes are even active. Here in Hawaii, Kilauea has been erupting continuously for the last 17 years, so noone can forget about it!

Mrs. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Robinson,What does a volcano have to do with plates tectonics?

Priacilla,Kimberly From Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina Do you know what was the bigest earthquak in Hawii?

Jellyfish: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How close have you been to a volcano

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:32PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker Have you ever been at a place were a valcano is erupting ?

Jared and Sarah 5th and 6th from Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:33PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker how long does it take for a volcano to cool after it eruped?

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:33PM PST (-0800 GMT)

Anayely,Carol,Fernando from Maple: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:33PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How often do volcanos erupt? Have you ever been burned by the lava?

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:34PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: Right now we are sitting in the National Park Headquarters building...right on top of Kilauea Volcano. The eruption is not up here near the tip. It is an eruption 12 miles out on the side of the volcano. This is not an explosive eruption. It is a gentle eruption, with magma flowing from a crack, and flowing down the mountain-side. We have a LOT of lava flowing today, but it flows slowly, and in an very wild area of the island, so it is very safe to be here today.

Dolphin group madison: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:34PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is it true that lava can turn you into stone?

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:35PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi this is Alexis and Breana speaking we wanted to know how many volcanos are found in Hawaii.

JAMES Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:36PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How long did the biggest volcano last

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:36PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Heliker,we had an earthquake early Saturday Morning. They said the earthquake was a 7.0.There was 17 aftershocks afterwords.

Trinica,Priacilla,Kimberly From Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:36PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms.Helke Can a person still live even though they have been burned by lava?

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:36PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many volcanos are in Hawii?

Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:37PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina, do volcanos ever dry up?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:37PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do we know when a volcano is going to erupt? That's a real good question! Geologists have to try to see what's going on deep within the earth. We can't use our eyes, so we rely on other clues. One of these is the seismicity, or earthquakes. Earthquakes tell us when magma is pushing toward the surface, and they tell us where the magma is going to erupt. The closer the quakes are to the surface, the sooner the eruption is likely to be. We also rely on the way the volcanoes' shape changes as magma moves into the volcano or drains away from it. We call this "ground deformation". The volcano actually bulges a tiny bit as it fills with magma. We can measure that bulging with very sensitive instruments call tiltmeters.

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:39PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the first volcano that it erupted?

Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:41PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina,have you seen any under water volcanos?

Regina,Diana,Daria at Oro Grande Elementry: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:41PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How old is the oldest volcano in the U.S.A?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:41PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Sure, volcanoes "dry up." That is, they eventually stop erupting and go extinct. But that can take thousands of years, so it's never safe to assume that a volcano that hasn't erupted for a few hundred years won't erupt again.

IMS Tigers-3: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:42PM PST (-0800 GMT)
4.What do you do when a volcano erupts? 5.Where was the first volcano that erupted in the U.S? 6.Who first discovered why volcanoes erupt?

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:42PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker, When did the volcanoes exsist?

Anayely,Carol,Fernando from Maple: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:43PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Oro Grande, I felt the earthquake too! Our lamp fell down.

Jared and Sarah 5th and 6th from Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:43PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha to you to thank you for the interveiw bye.

IMS Tigers-3: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:43PM PST (-0800 GMT)
1.Why does Indonesia have so many volcanoes? 2.Who discovered the first volcano? 3.Why do certain countries have volcanoes and others don't?

James Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:44PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How often do earth quaks, and volcanos happen.

JAMES Monroe: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:44PM PST (-0800 GMT)

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:45PM PST (-0800 GMT)
I haven't seen any underwater volcanoes myself, but lots of scientists have. We have an underwater volcano just offshore of our island. The volcano is call Loihi, and eventually, in about 100,000 years, it will be the newest island in Hawaii. We can tell that Loihi is erupting because of the earthquakes that come from it. Geologists have also gone down to the summit of Loihi in tiny submarines to collect samples and take pictures.

Jasmine: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:45PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are there any towns near a volcano?

,Priscilla,kimberlyFrom Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:46PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many miles can the lava spred?

Anayely,Carol,Fernando from Maple: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:47PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What time did the lava start flowing?

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:48PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Mrs. Glenn Oro Grande Elem, Volcanoes can be formed where two tectonic plates colide and cause great pressure to build. This pressure causes loads of heat to be displaced into the deep rocks around the site of collision. As the rock heat up, they melt into magma. The hot magma is lighter than the overlaying rocks and begins to melt it's way towards the surface. As it nears the surface, the magma comes out and formes a volcano. Where the North American plate pushes across the Juan De Fuca Plate off the west coast of Washington state, the plate collision melt the deep onderlaying rocks to form a line of volcanoes called the Cascade Mountains. Several National Parks have been established to protect and perserve the beauty of these magnificent mountains. Check out their we sites: Lassen Volcano National Park, Lava Beds National Monument, Crater Lake National Park, North Cascade national Park, Mount St. Helens National Monument, and Mount Rainier National Park! Volcanoes like Kilauea and Mauna Loa are formed in different ways. You could check out Christina's Heliker's answer about HOT SPOTS to learn more about how Hawaiian Volcanoes are related to tectonic plates.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:50PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Indonesia has lots of active volcanoes because it's sits over tectonic plate boundary. Most of the world's active volcanoes are located along the edges of plates. Most volcanoes at the edge of plates form long chains, like the Cascade Range in the U.S., and the Aleutian Islands.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:51PM PST (-0800 GMT)
We don't know who discovered the first volcano, because volcanoes have been around since the beginning of the earth.

Paradise Home School - Santa Barbara: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:52PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is it ever possible to grow in the soil once lava has flown over.

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:55PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Anayely,Carol,Fernando from Maple, Kilauea Volcanoes is almost always erupting and lava is almost always flowing! The current eruption began in the morning of January 3, 1983! Now and then the eruption will slow down a few days and no lava will flow out, but then it comes back on in the same place and the eruption continues! Last time we had a pause was last month. The eruption slowed down for 11 days ,and then resumed. One day (maybe today...maybe not for a few years), this eruption will stop, pressure will build up, and we will start a whole new eruption somewhere else on the volcao (maybe the summit, maybe way out on the other side).

Mitzy,Viviana,and Rafael from Maple: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:56PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the biggest volcano in the world?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:56PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Jasmine, There are lots of towns and cities not just near volcanoes, but on them. All over the world, people live on the slopes of active volcanoes. That's why it's so important for scientists to learn all they can about volcanoes so that we can predict eruptions better. As soon as we know there will be an eruption, we tell people so that they can get out of the way.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 1:57PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do any of you want to be geologists?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:02PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Yes, you can build a house on top of an old lava flow, and eventually, the flow will erode and form soil. In Hawaii, the volcanoes are so young, that lots of us live right on top of lava flows where there is no soil at all! Because the weather here is warm and rainy, plants will grown in the cracks of the lava without any soil. As the leaves fall off the plants and the plants die, new soil forms.

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:02PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do you know when a volcano is going to erupt?

Timothy : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:02PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Be sure to check the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park web site at: button and keep an eye on the Camp Internet web for photo and video updates daily.

Truman Elem School 3rd Grade Dream Team 2000: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:02PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What made lava?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:04PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is lava made of?

Samual - 9th grade - Ventura, CA: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:05PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is management of the National Park in Hawaii difficult. Do you have much problem with budget or with damage caused by visitors?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:05PM PST (-0800 GMT)
About how many volcanoes erupt in a year?

Chelsea: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:05PM PST (-0800 GMT)
from madison school room 705 thanks Christina Heliker, and Jay Robinson .

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:06PM PST (-0800 GMT)
4. When and where did the biggest volcano erupt?

Margaret - 9th grade - Ventura - CA: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:06PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What do I need to do to become a ranger and work in areas like the Hawaii National Park?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Lava in Hawaii can spread for 30 miles or more. In other places of the world, the lava is much stickier, and piles up near the vent, with only short lava flows. So, in Hawaii, the volcanoes are big with long, smooth shapes. While volcanoes with sticky flows build smaller, steep sided cones, like Mt. St. Helens or Mt.Shasta. Those volcanoes look big, but they are small compared to Hawaiian volcanoes!

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
When and where did the biggest volcano erupt?

IMS Tigers-2: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:10PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why do you study volcanoes? Which volcano caused the most damage?

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha whoever asked: "How many volcanoes are there in Hawaii?" All of the Hawaii Islands are volcanoes! The Island of Hawaii is the most active with 5 volcanoes: Kilauea Volcano........Almost always erupting Mauna Loa..............Last eruption in 1984 (the worlds largest mountain... the worlds largest volcano) Hualali ...............Last erupted in 1801 Mauna Kea..............Last erupted 3,000 years ago (from the sea floor to it's top, it is the TALLEST mountain on earth, other mountains rise higher above sea level but are not as tall from their base to their summits) Kohala.................Last erupted 60,000 years ago On the island of Maui there are two volcanoes: Haleakala..............Last erupted around 1790 West Maui Volcano......Last erupted a way long time ago! The other islands are all volcanoes, but they have not erupted in eons! There are 6 more main islands made of 8 more distince volcanoes. So a total of 15 volcanoes in Hawaii that are above water, and bunches more under water.

George Stock, James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Jay and Christina, Thank you for chatting with us today. It is a rare opportunity for my students. Thank you for making it available. My class has to leave now, sorry we couldn't stay until the end.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is lava made of? The main ingredient in lava is silica, which is made up of the elements silicon and oxygen. Other important elements are aluminum calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron, potassium, titanium, and manganese.

Alfredo 5th, Alex 6th, Cameron 5th , Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:13PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker, When did the volcanoes exsist?

Timothy: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks Madison School for taking part today

Ana Rosa,Enedina,Kathy-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the name of the flower that grows next to the volcanos?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:14PM PST (-0800 GMT)
We study volcanoes so that we can learn to make better forecasts of volcanic activity. So many people live on or near volcanoes in the world that it is important to be able to warn them when a volcano is getting ready to erupt.

Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:15PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina do you speak the Hawaiian language?

Camp: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:16PM PST (-0800 GMT)
test of an image upload

Truman Elem School 3rd Grade Dream Team 2000: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How do you know when a volcano is going to erupt? How can you survive? How is a volcano made? How hot is the lava?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Twyla, I don't speak Hawiian, but I've learned alot of it just because all the place names on this island are Hawaiian. Whenever we name a new vent on the volcano, we go to the Hawaiian elders in this area for the name.

Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina, how do you know how long ago the volcano erupted, like the that erupted 60,000 years ago?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:20PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Truman School--check back in our earlier replies for most of the answers to your questions. As to how to survive a volcanic eruption, it all depends on what kind of eruption it is. Here in Hawaii, the lava flows destroy houses, but rarely threaten people lives. Many volcanoes in other parts of the world are more dangerous and explosive. To survive eruptions of those volcanoes, you have to get miles away from the volcano.

Michael 6th, Christian 6th, Omar 5th, Janet 5th from Oro Grande school : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:22PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How long does a volcono last?

Jellyfish: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you alot we will see you next time.

Twyla 6th Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina where are you from?

Ana Rosa,Enedina,Kathy-Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the name of the flower that grows next to the volcanos?

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you for answering our questions from the Brown Pelicans

Pygmy Mammoths : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks for being in the chat room.We have to go now. By

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:23PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Twyla, We can date the age of lava flows here in Hawaii using carbon 14 if the lava flow ran over trees or other vegetation. We dig pits to look for charred trees buried by the lava.

otters Madison room 704 : . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:24PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you for chating with us Ms.Heliker and Christina.

Starfish: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:24PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms. Heliker and Mr. Robinson, Thank you for answering our questions. We enjoyed chatting with you and visiting the park's web site. Thank you.

Dolphin group madison: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:24PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you christina Heliker and Jay Robinson for answering our qustions!!!

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:24PM PST (-0800 GMT)
I'm from Montana originally. I worked at Mt. St. Helens in Washington for several years before I moved to Hawaii.

Ms. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:26PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina, I am also from Billings, montana Graduated from Eastern Montana College

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:27PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here in Hawaii Volcanoes Nat. Park, the flower that grows on the volcano is the red blossom of the ohia tree.

Tiffany,Stephinie,Lizeth from Oro Grande Ele.: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
How long has it been since a valcanoe erupted, besides of today?

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:28PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms Glenn, I used to spend summers in the Beartooth Mtns at your end of the state. I grew up and went to school in Missoula

Ms. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:29PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina. My parents have a cabin in Red Lodge and I spend summers there. We will have to chat later!!!

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Tiffany, Volcanoes are erupting every day, somewhere in the world. Many of them are in remote areas, so you don't hear about them.

Ms. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:30PM PST (-0800 GMT)
I was born and lived most of my life in Missoula. Missoula kind of looks like this page huh.

Ms. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:31PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Christina email me at redlodge11@hotmail.com. I would enjoy finding out how you came to be a geologist.

Ms. Glenn Oro Grande Elem: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:33PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you very much for your time with us today. I am going to quiz the students over the chat now. Thank you!!!

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:33PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ms Glenn, I will.

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:34PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Samual - 9th grade - Ventura, CA. Management of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is very important. Our national park managers want to do the very best job they can because they know how crutial protecting our National Park is, AND they love their jobs! We have about 2,500,000 people visit our park every year. Most only visit for a day. You might be familiar with hte management problems in Yosemite National Park where more people visit and stay longer. Our visitors do have an impact on the park, but this is not really our biggest consern here. Here at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park we are facing huge problems with protecting the plants and animals that are native to this area from becoming extinc. You see in island ecosystems, many species have evolved and become specilized for life here and nowhere else. The Hawaiian ecosystem was unique. As people arrived, they brought plants and animals from other islands and continents to Hawaii. In many cases, these imported (non-native species) quickly took over the native habitats. Today, Hawaii has many, many more species extinct than in all of North America. And today, there are more surviving species endangered with extinction in Hawaii, than in all of Narth America. It is tragic and sad story. In fact, just im the last 20 years, two species of birds here in the National Park have become extinct (the Oo and the Ou). Our park manager's biggest consrens are protecting what native plants and animals that live in the park from the threats that non-native plants and animals have on their survival. You asked about our budget. Well, of course we face major budget conserns. We could always do more scientific research and resource management with an increase in our budget! This is deffinately needed! Recently congress required that visitors pay more to visit the park (now $10.00 per car). The really great thing is that most of this additional money stays in the park and we are using it for these very purposes! it's a start, but many more questions remain to answered to protect the percious resources of Hawaii!

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:46PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Regina, Lava is an igneous rock.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:48PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Trinicia, Lava flows at Kilauea can be anywhere from a few inches to 20-30 feet thick. Many flows are compound flows--that is, many flows pile up on top of one another during a single eruption. Compound flows can be 75 ft thick or more.

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:50PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem! Yes! Two volcanoes can erupt at the same time! In fact in 1984 Mauna Loa while was erupting, Kilauea volcano (right beside it) began an eruption. Neither eruption seemed to effect the lava output from it's neighbor, proving that each volcano has it's own independent "plumbing"! In 1914, Katami Volcano in Alaska was undergoing a huge eruption, when an brand new volcano (Novarupta) began erupting right at it's base! One volcano erutpted riolite lava, and the other erupted andesite lava, again proving that each of the volcanoes were totally sepatate. In this case, the older and bigger Katami Volcano was able to intrude into the younger Novarupta Volcano and a very unusual thing happened...a mixed riolite and andesite lava flowed from the vent! Way Cool! Check out the web site for Katmai National Park. One more amazing thing: every day there are around 25-35 volcanoes erupting every second. WOW!

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:51PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Tiffany, We don't know wno the first geologist was. People were thinking about geology as soon as they could look around and wonder about the rocks, mountains, soil, rivers, etc around them.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:53PM PST (-0800 GMT)
IMS Tigers, We study active volcanoes without getting hurt by being very careful! We wear heavy boots and gloves and fire resistant clothes when we sample lava flows. When we're near an active vent, we wear gas masks to protect ourselves from the sulfur dioxide.

Christina Heliker, Geologist, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:55PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Bye, guys. You had a lot of good questions! I hope some of you are planning to study geology.

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 2:58PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Nicole 5th Oro Grande Elem! Not right now. I'm inside a builbing, but if I walk just across the street, there is a big crack in the ground where I can feel the heat! The crack is in the rainforest and surrounded by treeferns and steam rises from deep in the crack. Just 1 mile from my office the ground is so hot that no trees grow. And of course, I could drive down to the coast, hike 4 miles across old lava flows from the past couple of years and right to where lava is flowing. Maybe I'll do that tomorrow...want to join me?

Mrs. Perez, Outpost Leader-IMS Tigers: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 3:00PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you for all the great information. We really appreciate your time.

Jay Robinson: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 3:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Aloha Margaret - 9th grade - Ventura - CA! To be a Park Ranger it really helps to do two things. First, go to college and major in a natural science like biology, botany, zoology, geology, ecosystem management, ecology. Or to work in a historic or cultural park, major in hostory, or native american studies. A double major in communications would also be very useful! Sacond, gain experience working with people in a natural enviroment. Many parks (county, state, and national) have volunteer programs where you can work in the parks to gain the experience you need to compete with others. Others jobs to gain this experience would be working at summer camps, museums, nature centers. There are also several government programs to research for experience such as the Youth Conservation Corp, and Americorp. Competition is strong for National Park jobs. Study hard and gain experience. It's a great life!

Marcy, Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Oct 19, 3:12PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Great chat today everyone. While you were typing from 1-3pm in California, it was 10am-12noon here in Hawaii. Next we are off to film short video interviews with Jay and Christina, so keep your eye out for more geology resources in the days to come.

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