Mrs. Glenn: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:09AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Mr. Hyder from Oro Grande. We hope that you will be able to answer all of our questions!!!

Twyla: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, can you tell us the names of the different types of Rock Art?

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind of rock art do you study?

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, do any of the rocks show that someone died or that something happened?

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What have you learn about rock art?

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, where is the most common place to find rock art?

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi, Bill Hyder,How is rock art dated?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the first type of rock you studied?

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:14AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, have you found any rock art around Victorville?

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you ever been in Petriglif canon?

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, are you part Indian? If you are is that any easier to read the rock art?

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, can you read the rock art?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder have you ever found the tools that were used to do the rock art?

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is there any museums where you can see rock art?

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder,Have you seen any rock art in the Mojave Desert?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Greetings. I study the rock art of the Chumash, the Modoc of northern California, and the Anasazi of the Southwest. There are several kinds of rock art. Pictographs are paintings (and my favorite to study). They are usually found on sandstones, granites, and other smooth, light colored stone. Petroglyphs are pecked or abraded into all kinds of stone, but usually a light colored stones with a dark outer crust or patina. Chipping away the dark crust creates a light colored image. Other types of rock art are ground figures formed by aligning rocks in patterns or removing dark rocks from light soil to form patterns and figures. Cupules are small pits (about the size of a quarter) ground into rock. All types of rock art are found in California.

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why does the rock art stay for so long?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder how do you date the time the rock art was done?

Timothy - Camp: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good Morning and Welcome Bill

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, is there more rock art in the mountains or on the desert floor?

Yohana,Regina from Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,have you found out how to interprate?

Paradise HomeSchool: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
To Bill Hyder: Is Rock Art in the United States as old as Rock Art in Europe?

Alejandra/Lizeth Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder have you found another kind of rocks ?

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hayder,Is there a certian way you can tell what kind of rock art it is?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, do you like any girls?

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, how old were you when you started studing rock art?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art? how far away is art work from here? do you study all rocks or just some? do you like study rocks? how long have you studyed rocks?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Wow. That is a lot of questions. I will try to answer them all in short messages. If I miss one of your's, please forgive me. I started studying rock art after visiting Painted Cave near Santa Barbara. The Chumash are an interesting people with a long history on the California coast and they have managed to survive despite all that has happened in the past 200 years. Their rock art is beautiful and an intriguing look into their history. But rock art cannot be read like a book. As an archaeologist, my task is to find ways in which the art interacted with the people in their daily lives and try to figure out what it meant to them.

Yohana,Regina from Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,have you ever been to Coso?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art? how far away is art work from here? do you study all rocks or just some? do you like study rocks? how long have you studyed rocks?

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, do you work better by yourself or with your partner?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art? how far away is art work from here? do you study all rocks or just some? do you like study rocks? how long have you studyed rocks?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Please remember to put your name in the handle box - and - the topic to day is rock art so no other questions on other subjects please ? thanks

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder how do you tell what tribe did the rock art?

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, have you ever seen a rock art that showed interest to you?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art? how far away is art work from here? do you study all rocks or just some? do you like study rocks? how long have you studyed rocks? do you like to collect rocks?

Yohana,Regina from Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,have you found any obsidian?

alisha,Enedina 6th Orogrande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder how long have you been rock artist?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder what is your least favorite type of rock art?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some rock art does show events. One Chumash site has riders painted on horses. It is probably a painting of the first Spanish visit by land in California. In the Southwest, the Navajo painted the Spanish soldiers and battles between themselves and othe Indian groups. We date these paintings from the subject matter (horses and guns). We can then use these paintings as an example of how people painted (a style) and guess that other pictures painted in the same style are about the same age. Bows and arrows are another marker. They did not appear until after about 500 AD. The oldest paintings in Europe are about 35,000 years old. Ours probably date back about 10,000 years. The tools to directly date rock art are still being developed.

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, is there a special type of rock that they write on?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder what is the most common type of rock art in Califorina?

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder ,Whats the highest amount of rock art that youv'e found in one day?

Yohana,Regina from Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,have you gone to any other states to find rock art?

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How far have you went to find Rock Art?

Ayami - Buellton - 5th grade: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the paint in rock art made out of? Also: What is the deepest found (in caves) rock art?

AAna Rosaa- TTwylaaOro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, have you ever went to other states to explore rock art?

Yohana,Regina from Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,what states have you gone to?

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder, is there any Rock Art in Yosemite, and if what kind?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock art is found where people lived, worshiped, and travelled. Some rock art is in villages. We've found paint brushes, small tools used to grind petroglyphs, paint pigments, and many other items used by the artists. The other kinds of activities that happened at a rock art site are one clue to what it might mean. Paintings in villages likely told stories about how people should live and behave or identified the tribe of the people who lived there. We can tell when we see different tribes because the style of rock art is different. Rock art away from everyday activities likely marks a shrine or other place where people might go to pray or be healed if they were sick. Rock art is also found along trails and probably were prayers for safe passage or messages that you were entering someone else's territory.

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you know the names of the rock art?

Twyla Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, what do you call the rock that they chip away?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
MR.HYDER,WHAT ARE THE CHANNEL ISLANDS NAMES AND SIZES?

alisha,Enedina 6th Oro grande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:43AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder why is the pictograph your favorite rock art?

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:45AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,what is your favorit Rock Art?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:45AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder how many museums have rock art on display?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I have visited rock art everywhere in California. There are petroglyphs around Victorville (but I have not visited them), in the desert, and in the mountains. It only seems that there are more places in the mountains because there are more places with rocks in the mountains. Many places on the desert floor and along the coast were destroyed when people built houses and roads.. I have been to Petroglyph Canyon many times. It has more rock art than almost any place I have visited. Having more rock art makes it fun to visit, but some places with only one or two images can be more special and maybe more important. I have studies rock art in California, Oregon, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, on Easter Island, Australia, Mexico, and in France. I havisited paintings in France that were a half a mile underground and I have crawled through caves on my belly (I could not lift my shoulders off the ground) to see places where people have created rock art. Some of these places are very special from what the artists had to do to get to them. In Arizona, deep caves like this were used by Apaches to leave arrows as prayers to their gods.

Ana Rosa Oro Grande 6th: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, can you send any rock art pictures to us at bestclass4eva@hotmail.com?

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,How do you date the Rock Art

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I like pictogrpahs because the paints allow the artists to create very detailed and beautiful images. You can see recreations of some of these sites at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, at the Southwest Museum, and the Museum of Man in San Diego. The Maturango Museum in Ridgecrest has copies of petroglyphs from the Cosos, and many museums have small petroglyph boulders that have been rescued from road work and construction. Deer Valley Rock Art Museum in Phoenix, Arizona is about rock art only and there is a National Park in Albuquerque, New Mexico called Petroglyph National Monument.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here is a link to some very beautiful rock art photographs, nearly all from California. button

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder,Do you have a certian book that tells you what it says,if so does the rock art make since?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do cristals grow in some rocks?

Alejandra/Lizeth Oro Grande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder What are the name's of the rock's you studyed ?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
This is a link to Chumash rock art provided to the Camp by phtographer Mark Oliver. button When he gave us permission to use these, he also noted that the American Rock Art Research Association has an annual photography contest and invited any of our Camp kids or parnets to submit their work. Follow the ARARA link off the Trail Guide section in our rock art area to learn more.

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
dose every rock have something in commen?

Camp: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We'll try an upload of one of our rock art photos

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, have you ever came across any Rock Tools?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock art stays so long because rock wears away slowly. Most paintings are made with mineral pigments like ocher, so they do not fade in sunlight. They bond with the rock and become part of the rock. It takes a very long time for it to erode away becuase most paintings are in sheltered locations. Where it is very hot (like the desert), silica leaches out of the rock and forms a glass-like coating on top of the paintings. That helps protect them. Black and white pigments are usually made from charcoal and shells. They do not survive without some form of coating building up on them. Besides time, people are the most destructive thing that effects rock art. When paintings or petroglyphs are touched, the oils in our skin start to destroy the protective coatings. When we walk around a site, we stir up dust that settles on the rock art and makes it hard to see. It cannot be removed without damaging the art.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
And here is the winner of the 1998 Oliver award given out by ARARA to encourage understanding and preservation of rock art button

alisha,Enedina 6th Oro grande: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder what is the most common place to find rock art? Mr.Hyder Wich is the common place to find rock art?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder are you paid to be a rock art expert or is it a hoby and if so who are you employed by?

James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, Mr. Stock's Class at James Monroe Elem. is on line now. Our network has been down until now. My students may have some questions after they read what has happened so far.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I have studied Chumash rock art, Desert Abstract rock art, Coso rock art, Modoc rock art, Pueblo rock art, Basketmaker rock art, Fremont rock art, Yokuts rock art, and art by many other names. Some of the best books are Rock Paintings of the Chumash by Campbell Grant, Rock Art of the Southwest by Polly Schaafsma, Rock Art of the Cosos by Campbell Grant, A Guide to Rock Art by David Whitley, Rock Art of Canyon de Chelly by Campbell Grant, and many more.

Camp: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
A photo of Painted Cave in Santa Barbara

Diana-Stephinie/Oro Grande Ele. Ms.Glenns class: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:05AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder,Do you have scientific names for the rock arts and places that they are found?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:05AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder - is it true that some of the most famous rock art sites in the world have been discovered by young children ? I remember reading that (perhaps in France ?) they had been out exploring the countryside and found remarkable paintings or carvings and then alerted the scientists to the locations. If this is true, then scientific discoveries are not only made by college professors !

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder have you ever found rock art in Death Valley?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
are rocks important to the world?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am sometimes paid to study rock art. I work at the University of California. I spend more time studying rock art because I like it than I do being paid to study it. Today, most rock art is found away from cities. That is what I like about studying rock art. I get to travel to mountains, to the desert, to canyons, to rivers, to caves, to places with few people. Rock art is common in many different places and that is what makes to so much fun to study. There is a lot of rock art in the American West because we have so many rocks. Some places on the east coast have very few rocks that are hard enough for paintings and petroglyphs to survive. In those areas, people created figures from mounds of earth.

Trinica from Oro Grande School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder, what kind of Rock Art is in Yosemite?

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many rock arts have you found?

James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder do you know why the Indins made rock art.

Monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:09AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the BIGGEST art work that YOU have found?

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Did you find any rocks in calf?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock art has names that people give to it to talk about it, but they are not scientific names like animal and plant names. Chumash rock art is sometimes called the Santa Barbara Painted Style, but most people know it as Chumash art. Where I work in the Southwest, I study an art style called the San Juan Anthropomorphic Style and the Chinle Representational Styles, but most people call it Basketmaker rock art.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
where can we find rock art?

gabriel frank: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do rocks form?

MONROE: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind of rock desinges did you find?

James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder do you know why the Indins made rock art.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Many rock art sites have been found by children while they were exploring places that adults would not go. The most famous places are Lascaux in France (they boys followed their dog into a hole in the ground) and the caves of Trois Freres (Three Brothers) and Tuc d'Audoubert in the south of France.

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
where did you find the most art at.

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder how many times have you been to New Mexico?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:14AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I do not know the rock art of Yosemite. I have visited many places on the east side of Yosemite in Owens and Bishp valleys.

Monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:14AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the BEST rock art work from the indains that you have found? by SAMANTHA AND ALEXIS

MONROE: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many rocks did you fimd

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how did you make drawings on the roks

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder can rock art be weatherd away?

Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr Hyder good bye.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Bill, Janet Westbrook here, Maturango Museum, Ridgecrest; to answer the question about rock art in Death Valley - yes, there are several places with evidence of Indians passing through. Death Valley isn't as dry as it sounds - there are springs in almost every large canyon leading out of the valley. Springs attract wildlife. Wildlife attracts people who eat them for dinner. Water attracts Indians, of course, and it is near water that most of the rock art can be found. Near Klare Springs in Titus Canyon, the rock art is on huge dark bolders. In Marble Canyon it is scratched into the marble walls of the canyon. However, in addition to petroglyphs, there are many "rock alignments" or "geoglyphs" - these are designed made by making rows of dark rocks. They don't seem to be pictures of real things, mostly lines and circles, but they are in several locations on flat mesa-top areas on both sides of Death Valley. Because it doesn't rain very much in the desert, it is possible in some places to still see the trails used by the Indians. They go from spring to spring.

Mrs. Glenn @Oro Grande Elementary: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr. Hyder, Thank you for your time and attention this morning during the rock art chat. My students now have some valuable information that they wouldn't have had without you. Thank you for making the experience possible.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why do people make rock art. I believe art is part of what makes us human. It is a way to express what we feel and believe that cannot be expressed in words. Before there were books, they only things that lasted a long time were paintings and carvings on rocks and wood. Even today we paint murals on our building in the cities and street artists paint buildings, buses, signs, and anything they can reach. These are part of the same traditions. People express themselves to help explain the world around them and make it familiar. I visit a place with a special style of rock art and I know they people who lived there, even if they have been gone thousands of years. Their paintings still speak to us through our emotional reactions when we see the art. It is proof that they were there and it was their land.

IMS-2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What interested you in studying rock art?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome Janet - glad you could join us. In scrolling / jumping up to the top of the page, please feel free to answer any questions Bill has not had a chance to get to. There were lots of thoughtful, intelligent questions today. We will archive he questions and answers on our web site for our other students to read later - and - the smithsonian is archin=ving our project too !

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I became interested in rock art because it is like a mystery. You have to study the art, the archaeology, and the people to begin to understand it. Unlike a mystery, you cannot really solve the answer to most rock art, so you keep studying and learning about what makes us human. Rock art helps you learn about yourself as well as others.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Could we learn please about the different rock types and why some are good for painting (pictographs) and some for carving(petroglyphs) while others - like the granite in Yosemite, might not have been a good surface for rock art?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Challenge to the Camp Students - you will notice in the pictures we have linked to that the Coso rock art is out under the open skies, while the Chumash rock art is in caves or under cliff overhangs. Can you guess why that is ?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some of you asked about books. My good friend Bob Edberg has a list of useful books that some of the students would enjoy and some teachers might find helpful. His web ist is at button Bob also sells rock art books, but his list is of books that are most likely to be found in a library.

Sarah and Joanie: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are any of the rock art images maps of anything ?

James: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How about the night sky - did they paint the stars or comets ?

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Something to think about when you find rock art sites, particularly in the desert - in the past years the places you see today did not look like they are today. The climate has changed over centuries. It used to rain more in the Mojave desert 100 years ago when settlers and miners were crossing through here. 1000 years ago there were lots more grasses. Farther back it rained even more so there were trees and bushes and grasses where today there isn't much. With this much plant life, there was a fairly large population of animals, and those could support the "hunter-gather" tribes that roamed through our areas out here. We can tell by the style of the drawings that different tribes "owned" different areas. The rock art in the Coso range is quite different from that in Death Valley or in Bishop. That's what makes it fun - learn the different "styles" and that they were probably made by different groups of people, or at least at different times. Things change - the Coso rock art has a lot of big horn sheep - we think that means they were able to kill them here. Today there are no big horn sheep anywhere in our desert. The climate has changed!

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
San Miguel Island 9,325 acres Santa Rosa Island 52,000 acres Santa Cruz Island over 60,000 acres Anacapa Island 700 acres Santa Barbara Island 639 acres San Nicolas Island 22 square miles San Catalina Island 76 square miles San Clemente Island 56 square miles

Everly: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the closes rock art to the Palm springs area that we could go visit on the weekend with our parents ?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
SAN MIGUEL 9,325 ACRES. SANTA ROSA 52,000 ACRES. SANTA CRUZ 60,000 ACRES. SANTA BARBRA 639 ACRES. SAN NICOLAS 22 SQUARE MILES. SANTA CATALINA 76 SQUARE MILES. SAN CLEMENTE 56 SQUARE MILES. ANACAPA 700 ACRES.

camp99-outposts-Lerain.org: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
San Miguel Island 9,325 acres Santa Rosa Island 52,000 acres Santa Cruz Island over 60,000 acres Anacapa Island 700 acres Santa Barbara Island 639 acres San Nicolas Island 22 square miles San Catalina Island 76 square miles San Clemente Island 56 square miles

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Some sandstone is a very good rock for paintings. If it is hard enough to not weather away in the wind and rain, it has a smooth surface and the paint can easily soak in between the sand grains. Limestone in the caves of France is a similar surface. So, it has to be light colored, smooth, absorbant, but hard enough to not wear away quickly. One can make petroglyphs in sandstone as well, but they typically wear away faster. Granite is used for paintings as well, but it does not absorb the paint like sandstone and the paintings do not survive. Basalt and sandstone with desert varnish (the sandstone has turned black) makes a good surface for petroglyphs. The rock under the black surface is lighter and chipping away the black surface makes a very bright and striking image. Basalt is so hard that it erodes very slowly and allows the petroglyphs to survive for a very long time.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
It's hard to tell what the drawings are in most cases - are some stars? comets? maybe. But they did keep track of where the sun was, as that enabled them to keep track of seasons. There are many places where they either painted or pecked in special little nooks the shadows of the longest and shortest days of the year, or had some other "solstice markers". We keep finding more of those.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are any rock art images maps? Some people think so, but it is very difficult to prove. People living in different cultures with different technologies than we have draw maps in different ways. We might not recognize a rock art map or know how to read it even if we knew it was a map. But we think we can recognize star maps in rock art. We see the sky in much the same way people always have (before telescopes), so it is easier to recognize paintings of the sky. The Navajo created painting sites called planateria. They painted stars on the roof of caves. There are some Chumash sites that have paintings that appear to be comets. We know that comets were special, so they probably are.

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
An important topic in considering rock art is preservation. Some rock art sites have been horribly destroyed by thoughtless people who carved into them / painted over them - even shot at them ! But also, and this is sad to admit, researchers sometimes damage them with out intending to. The famous solstice marker at Fajada Butte in Chaco Canyon is a difficult lesson - to 'tidy up', researchers cleared out debris around the rocks that created a dagger of light that passed across a carved spiral on the solstices, and in that clearing, the rocks shifted and it will never be the same again. So, rule of thumb, when you go to a rock art site, look, enjoy, and consider - but do NOT touch !

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Speaking of comets/meteors : Tomorrow night if the skies are clear, we should be able to enjoy the following, and if you do, please make a rock art-style painting or drawing of what you see ............................... Amazing Heavens - Wed. November 17th is a night to watch the heavenly skies for a predicted Leonid meteor shower. It should be spectacular this year due to its intersection with the remnants of the Tempel-Tuttle meteor stream - and what is usually a 5-10 meteor an hour event is possibly going to be a 100+ an hour meteor event. When this last happened in 1966 there were brief outbursts of over several thousand meteors an hour. Wow ! Watch the eastern horizon around midnight for the constellation Leo to rise, and possible sightings are probable all night long and even on the 18th. This astonomical suggestion is offered by our partner, the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Let your students know to tell their parents !

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
"biggest" and "best" are, of course, in the eye of the beholder... however, there are some very LARGE paintings along the Rio Grande river in Texas - Pecos area, and in the now dry mountain ranges of Baja California. There is one rock wall in La Sierra de San Francisco where there are painted figures more or less solidly for 500 feet. These paintings are of "anthropomorphs" - anthro = man-like, morph = shape - men and women who are painted larger than life size. There are huge deer, vultures, rabbits, snakes.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what do you do for a living

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
This site at the BLM that Mr. Hyder suggested has a map to some sites in California that may be near you button

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
talk to me answer my question

james monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 10:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how did you make drawings on the rocks

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do tornatos form

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you know how the indians carved rock art?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how do you make drawings on rocks and what do they say

James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHAT DID THE INDIANS BARRY THE DEAD INDANS IN AN WHERE?????

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
ijhkjmmmbmnhkmnkvmnlf ch l oe sings good

james monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the best rock art ever.

Monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:05AM PST (-0800 GMT)
were do you find rock art

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
DO you know how the indines carved the rocks?

James Monroe Elem.: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WHY DID THE INDANS DRAW ART WORK ON THE ROCKS

monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you know what some of the Rock art meens?

james monroe: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What was the biggest rock in the world

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
James Monroe Elemetary Scool Christine Bryona Brammer. How do you make rock art.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We know how, just not "why". The Coso rock art, for example, is done on very dark patina-covered basalt boulders. Basalt is a hard volcanic rock and can make very smooth surfaces. Patina, or "desert varnish" is a layer on top of the rock made of clays, minerals, blue-green algae, and baked by the sun into dark colors. All you have to do is find a rock harder than the basalt and pound the patina off. Sure... think how much work that must be! Paintings are quite a different story.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Things to think about - did all tribes make some form of rock art? probably not. Are they to communicate between groups in your own culture or between tribes of different cultures? WHO made them - men, women, kids (sometimes they look like kid-type drawings), medicine men (Shaman), or ?? Probably different in each tribe. WHY - probably also different in each culture.

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here is one we might not have gotten an answer for : Jason,Michael from Oro Grande Elm school: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:16AM PST (-0800 GMT) Mr. Hyder have you ever found the tools that were used to do the rock art?

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Bill - can you explain some of the "paints" used in pictographs? What works, how they were applied?

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Students - some of the questions you are asking have already been answered above .. to read what has already been answered, type a large number - like 175 - in the scroll back box and review what has already been answered. there are still lots of new questions to ask, so once you know what has been covered, cook us up some new questions please !

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa Catalina is 76 square miles, Anacapa is 700 miles, Santa Cruz is 60,000, San Clemente is 56 square miles,San Nicolas is 22 square miles, San Miguel is 9,325 acres, Santa Rosa is 52,000 acres, Santa Barbara is 639 acres.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the biggest rock art? On Easter Island, people carved stone heads in the rock and then cut them out and stood them up. Some of these heads are 30 feet tall. In the California desert and in the deserts of Peru (the Nasca Plain), there are figures drawn on the ground (people removed dark colored rocks to expose the light colored desert floor or alighed dark colored rocks) that can only be seen from an airplane. Paintings in Baja California are sometimes 20 feet high, and there is a painting of a snake in Australia that is over 80 feet long. The September issue of National Geographic has pictures of life sized giraffe carved in rock in Africa. While big images are impressive, some of the most special rock art is very tiny. In the Chumash backcountry, one painting was done in a small hole in the rock. If you place your head in the hole, the painting is close that your eyes cannot focus on it. You have to look it and look very carefully to see the small paintings. These were very difficult to paint and must have taken a long time to finish.

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello we are the brown Pelicans speaking.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I'm Farmer Bob

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Here is the anwers to your postcard.San Miguel is 9,325 acres, Santa Rosa is 52,000 acres, Santa Cruz 60,000 acres,Santa Catalina 76 square miles,Anacapa 700 acres,Santa Barbra 639 acres,San Nicholas 22 square miles,San Clemente 56 square miles.

MADISON SCHOOL-Bloomquist-Pod 2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found any ROCK ART under water?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
NO MMMMEEEEEE FARMER BBBOB!!!!!!!!!!!

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Janet - we understand the rock art images are on a military base where sepcial permission is required to see them. Are there others in your area not on the base ?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Madison school rules

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many years have you liked rockart

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What kind of rock art did they carve

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I think I already wrote about tools used to make rock art, but paint brushes have been found and I have found the stones used to make petroglyphs. The stone tools that I have found are still at the sites where I found them. I conduct my archaeological work using a camera, so I do not dig and I do not collect. The tools used to make petroglyphs can be recognized by the fine battering on the end of the tool and its general shape and size. You do not find such things very often, so it is a special treat to be able see such things and leave them for others to see.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi Mandison school we'ere from Gerald Ford.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:21AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Marcy we are from Gerald Ford and our name is Allison and Barbara

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how many years have you worked there?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
jessicatgy56b

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Gerald FORD SCHOOL RULES THOUGH SOOOORY HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!!!!!!!!!!

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found rockart under water?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many caves have you've found rockart in?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Your wrong Jessica!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!bhy6thj u6

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
WE ARE STUDENTS WE DO NOT WORK HERE.WHAT THE HECK GAVE YOU THAT IDEA!!!

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We just got here, so don't be mad if we ask old questions that have already been asked

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
When did they start carveing rock art?

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found rockart from history that the native americans made?

dolphin group at madison: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:26AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello,Mr.Hyder we are from Madison school we are ready to chat.

Pygmmy mammoths: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We are from Madison school

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found rockart from history that the native americans made?

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found rockart from history that the native americans made?

otters from 704 Mrs.Gallatin from Madison school : . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello, we are the otters from Madison School.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:27AM PST (-0800 GMT)
While the "Coso Petroglyphs" are on the China Lake Naval Air Warefare base, there are oodles of rock art sites on BLM lands all over the Mojave desert! Ask BLM for suggestions, and the BLM site at the button above has a map of CA with 25 sites identified.

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Bloomquist/Madison - about underwater rock art .. what comes to mind is a cave on San Nicolas Island where the Lone Woman lived. It is not 'underwater' but close, and has images of orca whales on the wall. It also has a special 'magical' round iron deposit at its entrance that was a topic at the Islands Sumposium the Camp participated in last year. Here is a link to the story about the magical stones, like the one at the cave site that on the ocean's edge. button

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what kind of rockart have you found ?

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you like your job?

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you like your job?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you found lots of Rock Art?

starfish: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Tue nov 16 hi we're in. we're from Madison school.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Paints are made from several different minerals. Red and yellow are made from a rock called ocher. It is an oxide of iron and can be made redder by roasting in a fire. The ocher the Indian artsts made is very similar to the ocher modern artists use to make paints. When the Getty Museum made a study of Chumash pigments, they could not tell the difference between the two. Charcoal was roasted as well to make a fine powder to make black paint. Manganese has also been found in archaeological sites shaped into black pigment sticks, but all the paintings tested so far have been charcoal. White is usually identified as gypsum, but shells change to gypsum in reaction with water and time. Some white pigments tested by the Getty had a structure like shell, so the white was probably made from gound shells on the coast. There is a rock found in the backcountry that makes a green pigment. It has been found in Chumash burials and was probably used to make the green paintings that are sometimes found. In certain light, black appears to be blue and you will sometimes see people refer to black paintings as blue. Water or plant sap was used as a binder. In Texas, they have identified deer blood as a binder. Sometimes, people drew on the rocks with a lump of pigment using it as a crayon.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the oldest piece of Rock Art you have found

MADISON SCHOOL-Bloomquist-Pod 2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:29AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you ever found a pace of rock art ounder ground

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
have you found rockart on native american utensils?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Did you see what Erica N. put up here?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
THAT WAS A JOKE.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I mentioned that you need to consider climate changes. Several thousand years ago the oceans would have been lower than they are today (glaciers keep melting and the sea keeps rising!) So there must be village sites and perhaps rock art sites from folks who lived on the coast as it was then and is now under water. Underwater archeology would be a great thing to get a job doing!!

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa Rosa has 52,000 acres, San Meguel has 9,325 acres,Santa Cruz has 60.000 acres, San Nicolas has 22 square miles, Anacapa has 700 acres, San Clemente has 56 square miles, Santa Barbara has 639 acres, and Santa Catalina has 76 square miles.

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Ford School - welcome to the Camp chat room. We ask all students to focus on the subject of the day - this time it is Rock Art. It is appropriate use of the chat room to stay on topic, and since you are new to this, we want to remind you to please stay on topic. To see rock art that you can ask questions about, click on this button

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello we are the brown Pelicans speaking.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hey Madison can you name all 8 channel islands and their size?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Madison school I guess rules.

Brown Pelicans: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Can the public visit Rock Shelter, Carrizo Gorge, Anza-Borrego State Park?

madison pod 5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
where can you find rockart?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello little children

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Marcy mentioned the cave on San Nicolas Island. I helped photograph that cave. It is not underwater, but it feels like you are underwater when you are in the cave. There are rock art sites underwater elsewhere, but it was dry land when they were created. The ocean levels have changed over time and some areas of land have been raised or have fallen. Where the ocean is higher and the land is lower, you sometimes find rock art underwater.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
wHAT KIND OF ROCK ART DO YOU DO?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Where are the closest rock art caves from Palm Desert?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllowwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello who is this Janet person and the person writing to her?

dolphin group at madison: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello,Mr.Hyder we are from Madison school we are ready to chat.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We don't know who Janet is. Sorry

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooollllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Who put cool?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I would like to learn about rockart.Can you teach us everyone?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is anyone going to answer are rock art questions?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
who put lllllllllloooooooooowwwwwww

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Yeah what's with the cool?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I no longer count the rock art sites I have visited or studies. There are too many to count. I do enjoy the work and that is why I keep doing it. I have visited a cave with 27,000 year old paintings, a cave with 17,000 year old bison sculpted in clay, and a site in Australia that was painted in the 1950s. In North America, I have seen petroglyphs in the Cosos that may be as much as 10,000 yearsw old and paintings in Canyon de Chelly that were done in 1850. At the Hopi shrine at Willow Springs in Arizona, I saw a carving commerorating man waking on the moon.

MADISON SCHOOL-Bloomquist-Pod 2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you see the world?

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Students - Glad to see you all answering the questions we sent you on postcards, but be sure to put your name in the Your Handle box so we know who is answering the questions from their postcards. If you got the postcard that was an infrared image of the channel coastline at Los Angeles, you can see that when the ocean levels were lower, there might have been many villages on the continental shelf that are now underwater. For an underwater mystery, read about these round stones found off La Jolla button

otters from 704 Mrs.Gallatin from Madison school : . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How come some rock art looks like aliens?

madison pod 5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Anacapa,Santa Rosa,San Miguel,Santa Cruz,San Nicolas,Santa Barbra, santa Catalina,Santa Clemente.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
the 8 islands:1 San Miguel 9,325 acres 2 Santa rosa 52,000 acres 3 Santa Cruz 60 acres 4 Anacapa 700 acres 5 Santa Catilina 76 sq. miles 6 Santa Barbra 639 acres 7 San Nicolas 22 sq. miles 8 San Clemente 7 miles wide 23 miles long

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is there a special rock they used

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The Rock Shelter site in Anza Borrego is indeed open to the public - just remember to look and don't touch. It is not easy to find, and sometimes you need a 4x4 to get to the parking spot. It is a hike from the car. Ask the rangers how to find it!

MADISON SCHOOL-Bloomquist-Pod 2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
do you see the world?

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Students who are just arriving - you have a special oportuntiy to chat with Bill Hyder from UC Santa Cruz who is a rock art expert and former president of the American Rock Art Research Association, and Janet Westbrook who is with the Maturango Museum in Ridgecrest where the Coso Mtns are rich with rock art. Please ask respectful questions - and enjoy this great learning experience with us !

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
I am sorry, I forgot to put in my handle when I started. I hope you can tell the answers from me (Bill Hyder). Janet is another trail guide who also knows much about rock art. She works at the Maturango Museum in Ridgecrest. The Maturango works with the Navy and has a program that allows people to see the Coso rock art. Their work is very special and without their efforts, people would not be able to see the art. If you have the chance, visit the Maturango with your parents. It is one of the best small museums in the world and the people of Ridgecrest are very proud of the work they do in protecting rock art.

Madison school Pod5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you Found any rockart on there basckits?

Marcy, Camp Counsleor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
GREAT QUESTION : otters from 704 Mrs.Gallatin from Madison school : . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT) How come some rock art looks like aliens? there is rock art that looks like astronauts with round helmets on, or aliens with helmets, and that looks like people with televisions on their heads, and even stranger images.... how can this be is a good quesiton !

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We only think rock art looks like aliens because it is so hard to understand what it means. Rock art images come from the minds of people just like you and I. Today, when we think of unusual images, we think of aliens because that is a popular image. Earlier in American hisotry, people thought unusual images and thoughts came from witches. People painting rock art were probably painting their gods or other supernatural beings that came to them in their dreams and visions. Since we cannot ask the artist, we really do not know why the chose to paint the way they did.

Brown Pelicns: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
San miguel ,San Rose , San Cruz , Anacapa, San Nicolas,San Barbara, San Catalina, San Clemante.

Paradise Home School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
If Easter Island heads are considered rock art - are the statues at Abu Simbel in Egypt also considered rock art ? Is there rock art by pre-literate and literate peoples ?

Madison Mrs.B pod 1: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do you see rock art all over the world

MADISON SCHOOL-Bloomquist-Pod 2: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you seen rock art around the world?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The Yokuts Indians have a story about one of the creators painting images on rocks to teach basket makers about what designs should be put on baskets. Images such as the rattlesnake, joined triangles, and linked circles are some of the images found on baskets and in rock art. Because women made most of the baskets, we sometimes identify sites with geometric images as women's sites. In some cases, we know the sites were used as puberty sites to celebrate a girl becoming a woman. Even though many books speak of rock art as being made by men, rock art was made by both men and women.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There certainly seems to be "rock art" all over the world! I've seen carved rocks in Tibet! Every continent has some form of rock art. Greenland has some. Amazing, no?!

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good Question Paradise Homeschool. Students, if you lived in a time when there were no written stories, you would still want to remember and share stories from generation to generation since they held the world view of your people. That is the secret to rock art - it holds the knowledge of a people who did not write with an alphabet ..............If you were to paint a story about the coming of a new millenium - what would you paint to describe it ? think about that.... we will be hosting a New Millennium art contest in December so start imagining now !

Back 2 Backcountry: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello everyone! We are Back 2 Backcountry from Victoria Elementary.

The Grizzlies: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi, The Victoria Grizzlies are here.

The Victoria Shooting Stars: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The Victoria Shooting Stars are here in the chat.

Pygmmy mammoths: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Anaccapa,san Nicolas,San Cruz,san Rosa ,San Barbara,San Catalina,San clemente

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock art is found all over the world, although I have not visited all the places with rock art. But it is a good question as to what we count as sculpture and what we count as rock art. The statues of Abu Simbel were made by a culture with a complex form of government. The social structure on Easter Island was simpler, so we tend to think of their art more as rock art and the art of Egypt more as monuments. In many ways, this is a mistake. The people of Egypt, Easter Island, and the Chumash were doing much the same thing, creating images that were important to their lives and culture.

madison pod 5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you ever seen rockart in the desert.

Victoria Chumash: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi, The Victoria Chumash are on line

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Japanese and Chinese people write today with "word pictures". Those squiggles all mean something to them. Rock art symbols are "word pictures" as well, but we've not found the dictionary. :-)

dolphin group at madison: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Channel island from largest to smallest are: Santa cruz,Santa Catilina,Santa Rosa,San Clemente,San Miguel,San Nicholas,Santa Barba.

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There is rock art everywhere, but it's probably easier to see in the desert. The desert isn't as disturbed by people and roads. The desert doesn't get much rain to wash them away. The deserts of the world have rock art - Africa, Australia, ours in North America.

madison pod 5: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
what was the biggest rock art youve seen

Brown Pelicns: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Was there a specific type of rock that they carved or painted on?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 11:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How did they make the paint so bright?

Madison Mrs.B pod 1: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you ever seen a rock art that looks like a flower

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock Art Project - in your Camp Expedition Supply Kit, we provided you with a tub of colored chalk. This chalk is intended to be used to create a group 'rock art' mural on your school ground. When you find an area of sidewalk that is fairly smooth, and that you have permission to draw on with chalk, work together as a class to draw a mural of rock art images you have studied in our session this week. You will want to do this in dry weather - and - send us a picture of your creation ! no writing - just drawings - and you can sign with your handprints ! Remember to combine positive (solid) images with reverse-out (empty-center with color around the outline) images, dotted images - and other textures you see in the rock art. Colors can be nicely combined by smearing them with your fingers in solid areas too. Chalk murals are famous around the world at festivals these days .. and your can capture some of the mystery and beauty of this ancient mural art form. Have fun !

starfish: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:00AM PST (-0800 GMT)
goodbye, thank you from starfish. We enjoyed it very much.

Pygmmy mammoths: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Good by and thank you

dolphin group at madison: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder thank you for answering our questions we have to go.

Madison Pod2 Bloomquist: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you seen Rockart in a cold place

Brown Pelicns: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thank you for answering our questions.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Yes, I have seen paintings and petroglyphs that looked like flowers. The Basketmaker and Pueblo people even made flowers from wood and painted them to look like real flowers. The paintings work very well as flowers because the mineral pigments are very bright when fresh. They stand out in contrast to the rock surface which sometimes makes them seem even brighter.

otters Madison School: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mr.Hyder, thank you for anserwing are quations.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Goodbye students. Thank you for the thoughtful questions. Bill

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:05AM PST (-0800 GMT)
One of the most fascinating things about rock art is how it tells us about not only a way of human life long ago, but also about the natural world long ago. Janet is reminding us that 10,000 years ago the desert areas east and south of the Sierras were much greener and that the animals chipped out in the rock art show us that sheep were common there then .... yet do not live there in any abundance now. The same is true of rock art in Africa - in the Sahara - that shows pools and hippopotami and crocodiles where it is now baren desert. Bill - what does the rock art in Australia and other places tell us about life there long ago ?

The Grizzlies: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:05AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are there any other places in the world where you can find rock art? ☻☺

The Grizzlies: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are there any other places in the world where you can find rock art? ☻☺

Victoria Chumash: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the most common rock that you have seen that has rock art on it?

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There are carved stones in Greenland and all along the Arctic Ocean - the Inuit people have rock art in their villages both on the North American and Asian (Russia) continents. Lapland has some. There is rock art high in the mountains all over the world too. People piled carved stones on mountain passes, for example.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 9:46AM PST (-0800 GMT) I have visited rock art everywhere in California. There are petroglyphs around Victorville (but I have not visited them), in the desert, and in the mountains. It only seems that there are more places in the mountains because there are more places with rocks in the mountains. Many places on the desert floor and along the coast were destroyed when people built houses and roads.. I have been to Petroglyph Canyon many times. It has more rock art than almost any place I have visited. Having more rock art makes it fun to visit, but some places with only one or two images can be more special and maybe more important. I have studies rock art in California, Oregon, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, on Easter Island, Australia, Mexico, and in France. I havisited paintings in France that were a half a mile underground and I have crawled through caves on my belly (I could not lift my shoulders off the ground) to see places where people have created rock art. Some of these places are very special from what the artists had to do to get to them. In Arizona, deep caves like this were used by Apaches to leave arrows as prayers to their gods.

Madison Pod2 Bloomquist: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the biggest rockart in the world?

Madison Pod2 Bloomquist: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the biggest rockart in the world?

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks a lot Victoria Grizzlies, Shooting Stars, Back 2 Backcountry, and Chumash Loggeing out

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:08AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Rock art is found where people lived, worshiped, and travelled. Some rock art is in villages. We've found paint brushes, small tools used to grind petroglyphs, paint pigments, and many other items used by the artists. The other kinds of activities that happened at a rock art site are one clue to what it might mean. Paintings in villages likely told stories about how people should live and behave or identified the tribe of the people who lived there. We can tell when we see different tribes because the style of rock art is different. Rock art away from everyday activities likely marks a shrine or other place where people might go to pray or be healed if they were sick. Rock art is also found along trails and probably were prayers for safe passage or messages that you were entering someone else's territory.

Camp Internet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Time to sign off now everyone .Thanks for an excellent chat session. We had experienced classes and complete beginners today - everyone learning together. Special thanks to Bill Hyder and Janet Westbrook for joing us as our Trail Guides. Join us for a Camp Rock Art Dig right here the rest of the week ....... opens Wed. the 17th at 9 am.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:11AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Marcy asked about rock art in Australia and what it tells about the past. Australia has changed over time as well and extinct animals appear in rock art there. Extinct animals are also found in rock art in Africa. There is much we can learn about how the world has changed from studying rock art.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa cruz 60,000 acres

Madison Pod2 Bloomquist: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:13AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Have you ever seen rockart that has words or numbers?

Janet: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks Marcy! I learned a whole lot from Bill's answers too!! Rock art sure is a fun thing to look at and you find it absolutely everywhere you go - at least where civilization has not stomped it...

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa Cruz 60,000 acres San Miguel 9,325 acres Sant Barbra 639 acres Anacapa 700 acres San Nicolas 22 square miles Santa Rosa 52,000 acres San Clemente 56 square miles Santa Catalina 76 square miles Brittany F. Avani V.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa Cruz,60,000 acres San Miguel,9325 acres Anacapa,700 acres Santa Rosa,52,000 acres Santa Barbara,639 acres Santa Catilna,76 square miles San Nicolas, 22 square miles San Clemente, 56 square miles

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 12:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Santa Cruz 60,000 acres Santa Rose 52,000 acres Santa Barbra 639 acres San Clemente 56 sqare miles Anacapa 700 acres

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:53PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Marcy, here is the information.There are seven islands.San Miguel is 9,325 acres. Santa Rosa is 52,000 acres.Santa Cruz is60,000 acres.Anacapa is 700 acres.Santa Barbara is 639 acres. San Nicholas is 22 square miles. San Celemente is 56 square miles. There is the info. From Breana Koehnlein

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:53PM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi, Marcy He's what we found.

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:55PM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi Marcy we know all eight islands and how big they are... Santa Cruz=over 60000 acres San Miguel=9325 acres Anacapa=700 acres Santa Rosa=52000arces Santa Barbra=639 acres Santa Catalina=76 square miles San Nicholas=22 square miles San Clemente=56 square miles

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:55PM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi Marcy here's what we found

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:56PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi Marcy, Here is what we found,Anacapa 700 acers, Santa Rosa 52,000 acers, Santa Barbra 639 acers, San Nickouls 22 sq. miles, Santa Cruz 60,000 acers, San Miguel 9,325acers, sa nta Catilina, San Clemente 56 sq. miles. From, Jared and Brian

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:57PM PST (-0800 GMT)
oh yah this is Alex Germany and Brandon Gallinaro

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 2:57PM PST (-0800 GMT)
oh yah this is Alex Germany and Brandon Gallinaro

: . . . . Tue, Nov 16, 3:03PM PST (-0800 GMT)
hi Marcy heres what we found. Anacapa is 700 acres, Santa Cruz is over 60,000 acres, San Miguel is 9,325 acres, Santa Barbra is 639 acres, San nicoles is 22 square miles, Santa catalina 76 square miles, San Cemente 56 square miles, Santa Rose is over 52,000 acres. From Frank and Zach.