Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
IMPORTANT – please remember to type in the Dig Discovery number at the beginning of each answer you post, and include your name and school name in the handle box so we know who is posting. Have fun !

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #1 When was the first Mission in California founded ? What country built the Mission System ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #2 – What did the early Californios and Mission Fathers buy from the Yankee traders ? Why do you think they felt they had to do this even knowing it was against Spanish law ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #3 – When Alta California came under Mexican rule, the smuggling continued inorder to evade the costly taxes the Mexican officials levied at he main ports. Where did the smugglers hide out in between their deliveries to secret coastal locations ? And why couldn’t the Mexican government stop this smuggling trade ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #4 – What other group of visitors to the Channel Waters came to acquire a valuable trade item ? What was it they came for and how did they behave ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #5 – Do you know the name of the book about the Lone Woman of San Nicolas who lost many members of her family to these mercenary hunters ?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #6 – During this time period many ships from around the world came into the Channel waters. What countries registered at the port in Santa Barbara ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #7 – what environmental change did these hunters cause that we still feel today ? And how many otters were there in California waters region BEOFRE the hunting began ? Compare the number you find to the fact that there are now only a little over 1,000 otters in the entire Pacific area today …….. button button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #8 – study the map of where sea otters once lived when there were up to 300,000 of them in the Pacific. Down below it tells you the two Alta California areas that no longer have otters – what are those two areas ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #9 – Lets learn more about sea otters today in California. How big are they and what do they eat ? button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:50AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #10 – There is an important debate going on this year over the possible re-introduction of the sea otter into areas that had been their home over a hundred years ago. Look over these resources and then tell us – why do the fishermen NOT want the sea otter to be returned to the Channel waters ? button …..

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #11 What are the two locations in California where the otter are now protected ? button …. button

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 8:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dig Discovery #12 – For reasons scientists are trying to understand, the California sea otter population is declining, even in the protected zones, and even when it has Endangered Species designation and funding to help protect it. Do you think people should make an effort to restore the sea otter population ? If you would like to learn more about the options for helping to save the sea otter population, join us back here for a chat with the Sea Otter Project to learn what the recovery options might be.

Jellyfish: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:25AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi we are the Jellyfish group from Madison school room 704.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:30AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello! We are the Brown Pelicans.We are ready to chat.

We are from Madison school: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello,we are from Madison school ready to chat.

Brown Pelicans, Madison School: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:31AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello! We are the Brown Pelicans.We are ready to chat.

Brown Pelicans, Madison School: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#1:The first mission founded in California was San Diego del Alcala. It was founded in 1769.

Jellyfish: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
1# The first mission in California was San Diego founded in 1769 by Spain and build by spanish priest

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Welcome Madison - we have some fun explorations for you today. We appreciate the way you include your Dig 3 and name in your posting - thanks !

Brown Pelicans, Madison School: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#2: The townspeople would often trade leather and tallow and even otter pelts for manufactured items although it was against the law.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
(That was Dig # above ... )

Starfish group at madision: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#1 The first mission founded was San Diego in 1769 by Spain.

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#1 The first mission to be founded was San Diego by priests in 1796.

Jellyfish: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
2# They needed manufactured items so that's why they traded even though it was against the Spanish law.

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#3The smuggelers built hiding places on the channel islans and the Spanish couldn't stop them because they didn't have enough ships.

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:52AM PST (-0800 GMT)

otters madison Mrs. Gallatin 704 : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
2# They traded Leather,Tallow and even Otter pelts. We think they traded the things that they dident have because they needed them but they still knew it was aganist the law.

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#2. They traded leather ,tallow and otter pelts.They felt sad that they did that and they knew it was against the spanish law.

Starfish group at madision: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#2 They often traded lether, tallow, and otter pelits because they New Spain did not keep the Californios

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 9:57AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#1The first mission was founded in San Diego in 1769 by spain.

Valley View: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 10:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The first mission was started in 1769. Spain built the missions.

Starfish group at madision: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 10:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#2 They often traded lether, tallow, and otter pelits because they New Spain did not keep the Californios

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 10:59AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#2The missions bought manufatured goods.

Starfish group at madison: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:09AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#3 They hid out on the channel islands.

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello, this is Mary Louise at the Presidio Research Center. I am ready to chat with you.

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:14AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#5The name of the book is Island of the Blue dolphins.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:15AM PST (-0800 GMT)
3#The Yankees hid in Santa Catalina and the Mexican Goverments didn't have enough ships to patrol the California Coast.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Mary Louise - thanks for joining us today. Dr. Jackman mentioned last year what the main trade items were that came in and out of the Channel port at Santa Barbara. During the Mission era what would the Californios have sought from the ships ?

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:16AM PST (-0800 GMT)
3#The Yankees hid in Santa Catalina and the Mexican Goverments didn't have enough ships to patrol the California Coast.

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#10 The female otters 45 pounds and the male otters weigh 65 pounds. They eat mussels, snails, clams,crabs,abolone and urchins.

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#4The Russians And The English came to California to get animal skins.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:17AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Likewise, once the Rancho era began after the Mexican Revolution, what did Santa Barbara trade for ?

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:18AM PST (-0800 GMT)
3#The Yankees hid in Santa Catalina and the Mexican Goverments didn't have enough ships to patrol the California Coast.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mary Louise - we have read about the first Yankee sailot-turned-residents in California who often married into Californio families. What families in the Channel region saw these types of cross-cultural marriages ?

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:19AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The settlers would have ordered fabrics and clothing, hardware, chocolate, medical supplies, dishes, and paper and pens.

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Is mission San Luis Rey de Francia still known as the king of missions.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:22AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mary Louise - The Camp program features Two Years Before the Mast excerpts from Henry Richard Dana's famous book. Did he visit the Presidio where you work ? Or any other notable places in the region ?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:23AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why are all of the missions named after Saints?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
#5 The name of the book is Island Of the Blue Dolphins.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:24AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Jellyfish - find the answer to your San Luis Rey de Francia question here button .. have you ever visited any of the Missions ?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:28AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello everyone! My name is Steve shimek and I am Executive Director of The Otter Project. We help fund research and recovery efforts for the California sea otter. Please feel free to ask questions.

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How did San Antonio fall?

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:32AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There were many such families. Joseph Chapman from the Eastern U.S. married Guadalupe Ortega at Mission Santa Ines around 1820. Others who had U.S./Californiano marriages were Daniel Hill, William G. Dana, Alfred Robinson, Alpheus B. Thompson, Thomas Robbins, and Lewis Burton. The Den brothers came from Ireland. Nicholas married one of Hill's daughters. Jose Covarrubias came from France and married a Carrlllo. Augustin Jansenns came from Belgium and married a Pico. Several have descendants living in California.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello Steve - nice that you could join us. As you can see by scrolling back above, this Dig does go to your new Otter Project web site. A question I had is what can possibly be the reasons why the sea otter populations are declining, and what is going on out on san Nicolas where they have little human interaction ? Is it possible they are migrating away ? Or is it thoguht to be a disease problem ?

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:33AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hello this is Jerry Jackman saying hello, from the Presidio of Santa Barbara, the Spanish fort where Santa Barbara was founded in the 18th Century, more than 200 years ago. I am the executive director or, perhaps a better way to put it, the current commandante of the fort. I can answer questions about the Presidio or the Ranchos or anything you like.

Brown Pelicans, Madison School : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:34AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why do they make missions?

Brown Pelicans, Madison School : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:35AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Do otters make good pets?

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Steve,How long do otters live?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How did the rancho start?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:36AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mary Louise - we recognize the name Joseph Chapman from our section on Mission Santa Ines at button ....he had served with the pirate Bouchard and then settled down to help build the mission. Where did he and Guadalupe Ortega set up their home ?

Starfish group madison: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
how many diffrent kinds of otter are there?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many different types of otters are there?

Brown Pelicans, Madison School : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:37AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Did pirates ever atack California presidios?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi Marcy, The short answer is: We don't know. 38 percent of the otters found dead have died of disease... that's a huge number. Also otters are shot by vandals (5%). And, we know that otters are accidentally killed in fishing gear. At San Nic, there have been over 50 births, but the population never grows. Disease, fishing gear (lobster traps) and swimming away from the Island are all possibilities.

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
How many cannon does a prosidio have.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:38AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Dear Brown Pelicans: When the Spanish came to S Barbara 200 years ago, they built forts, for protections, created Missions, to convert the Indians to Christianity, and also built towns called pueblos and also a few ranchos were granted to grow crops and for livestock to feed the soldiers, their families, and the Indians. Jerry Jackman

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
There are many types of freshwater otters (I think 19 species) and there are three subspecies of sea otter.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:39AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Comandante Jackman - our students have been studying the legend of Zorro, and also lerning about the divisions between northern and southern California in regards to efforts for independence from Spain and then Mexico. Where did Santa Barbara, as headquarters of the Channel Islands region, stand on this issue of self determination, pre-statehood ?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi jellyfish! Sea otter live about 15 to 25 years

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:40AM PST (-0800 GMT)
We just finished the book Stow Away and we wanted to know did pirates ever attack the presidion in Santa Barbra?

Brown Pelicans, Madison School : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:41AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Otters don't really make great pets... they are related to weasels ... they are too energetic! And sea otters eat about 25% of their bodyweight per day... so a 60 pound otter needs about 15 pounds of food per day.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:42AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Well, there was one famous pirate who attacked Presidios. He was a Frenchman named Bouchard, a revolutionary who sailed under the flag of Argentina. With his two ships and 300 plus men he attacked the Presidio of Monterey to the north--and burned it to the ground. He was going to attack the S Barbara Presidio but was outfoxed by Capt. De la Guerra. If you want to know more let me know. Jerry Jackman

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Comandante Jackman and The Brown Pelicans - one of the historians at the Trust (Patrick O'Dowd) helped the Camp put together a photo gallery of a pirate who visited Santa Barbara waters - Bouchard. Here is a link to the photos the Trust has shared with us and are now in our online library button .. there are also a few video interviews with the historian too if you can see/hear video online button

Starfish group madison: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:44AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Why are there no otters at Santa Catilina?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:46AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Steve - in the natural food chain, other than humans, who might prey on sea otters ?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:47AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Hi Starfish! I wish there were! There was a deal made in the early 80s to allow sea otters to be moved to San Nicolas, but no other otters would be allowed south of Pt. Conception. Otters don't know that the "line" exists and they are starting to return to the Channel. It is very controversial.

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
In the book Stowaway was Montague really burried on Dead Man's Island?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:48AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Are presidios ever damaged by earthquakes?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:49AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Marcy: Eagles are known to take pups in Alaska. Also, white sharks and Orcas (killer whales) will eat otters. In Alaska right now there are many otters being eaten by Orcas because the seal and sea lion populations (the Orcas normal food) have collapsed.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:51AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Zorro--now there is the subject for you. Last year, Zorro visited the Presidio and took on my soldiers. That day Iwas Governor Goicoechea. Zorro won, and then declared peace. and we had a party. This year on April 21 Don Quixote the famous knight from Spain is coming to El Presidi. He will be arriving at 5 pm with his sidekick, Sancho Panza. Rumor has it he is going to have an encounter with Zorro. Don't miss it, please bring your parents. By the way, there was a real Zorro in California. Rumor has it that he actually lived in SB and his real name was Salomon Pico. He sought revenge, supposedly, against Americans who killed his wife. With regard to the split between the North and South during the Mexicna period. SB sided with both sides, depending on who was governor, or claimed to be governor, at the time. More if you want to hear it. Now I am Governor Goicoechea of the Presidio of SB.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:53AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Steve - In studying kelp forests in our marine bio section, we learned that sea otters are a potential friend to the kelp in that they eat the urchins that might otherwise consume all of the kelp. In what other ways do sea otters effect the environment ?

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Zorro--now there is the subject for you. Last year, Zorro visited the Presidio and took on my soldiers. That day Iwas Governor Goicoechea. Zorro won, and then declared peace. and we had a party. This year on April 21 Don Quixote the famous knight from Spain is coming to El Presidi. He will be arriving at 5 pm with his sidekick, Sancho Panza. Rumor has it he is going to have an encounter with Zorro. Don't miss it, please bring your parents. By the way, there was a real Zorro in California. Rumor has it that he actually lived in SB and his real name was Salomon Pico. He sought revenge, supposedly, against Americans who killed his wife. With regard to the split between the North and South during the Mexicna period. SB sided with both sides, depending on who was governor, or claimed to be governor, at the time. More if you want to hear it. Now I am Governor Goicoechea of the Presidio of SB.

Pygmy Mammoths: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:54AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Steve S why cant otters go south?

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:55AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Governor Goicoechea - one of the students asked why the Missions were all named after saints ? And the islands too ?

Starfish group madison: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
were the presidios affected by earthquakes?

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:56AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Marcy -- Sea otters have a huge effect. Diversity and productivity increase when sea otters return. Sea otters eat the grazers (urchins and abalone), the kelp returns, then all the fish that use kelp return, and all the other snails and crabs that use kelp return. A kelp forest is the most productive ecosystem on earth. So if you have more kelp forests, the environment benefits

Steve S: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Mammoths -- They can, but there is a law that says they aren't supposed to... kind of a silly law (but I am biased). The otters expanded their range to return to the Santa Barbara Channel in 1998. Some urchin fishermen are very upset.

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 11:58AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Richard Henry Dana visited Casa de la Guerra in 1836 for Robinson's wedding to Anita de la Guerra. He visited all the prominent local people such as Daniel Hill, so he probably went to the Presidio to see Domingo Carrillo, the comandante. We would have to read the Santa Barbara sections of his book carefully to find this out for sure.

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:02AM PST (-0800 GMT)

Starfish group madison: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:03AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Governor Goicoechea- did Zorro realy wear a mask? Did he ride a black horse?

Dolphins group from Madison : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:04AM PST (-0800 GMT)
What is the strongest presidio ever made?

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Whats a presidio?

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:06AM PST (-0800 GMT)
In the book Stowaway it didn't say how long did Montague live do you know?

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:07AM PST (-0800 GMT)
Joseph Chapman, who left Bouchard's ship and decided to stay in California, was talented as an engineer and construction designer. He designed and built the fulling mill at Mission Santa Ines, but not the mission itself. The fulling mill is next to the grist mill, downhill and across the creek from the mission. The fulling mill was used to process and soften woolen cloth for use in clothing, etc. Chapman and his wife would have lived near the mission while he was living there. Some of their children were baptized there. When they moved to Santa Barbara they built an adobe house in the 400 block of Anacapa Street. The site is now protected. An old photograph shows part of it. Yes, presidios were damaged by earthquakes. The Santa Barbara Presidio was badly damaged in the 1812 earthquake, just like Mission Santa Barbara was. They were rebuilt. The Fort Tejon quake damaged the presidio again, although it was not really in use then.

Jellyfish : . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:10AM PST (-0800 GMT)
2468

mary louise days, Presidio Research Center: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:12AM PST (-0800 GMT)
A presidio is a fortress, a type of fort used for protection from attacks. They were built in most of the Spanish colonies. Military soldiers and their families lived in and around them. They were usually built in an open square shape, with a marching ground in the center. The strongest presidio, according to Santa Barbara Presidio's archaeologist, is Morro Fort in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is still there, overlooking the sea. I have been there. It is built mostly of stone. Our Santa Barbara Presidio has the most standing buildings left of the four that existed in upper California.

: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 12:20AM PST (-0800 GMT)
The missions were named after saints by the Priests. Since the California was frounded by Franciscan Priests... most of the missions were named after Francisican Saints. And of course the founder of the Franciscans was none other than St. Francis himself. I have to sign off: this has been fun.

Marcy, Camp Counselor: . . . . Thu, Mar 16, 1:17PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Thanks everyone for particpating in today's Camp Internet Dig - we had three Trail Guides online with us and two classrooms this morning. Great work everyone ! Special thanks to Jerry and Mary Louise from the Trust for Historic Preservation and Steve from the Otter Project. We Dig the Internet !